ATI RN
ATI RN Medical Surgical 2023 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has a new diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus and has a referral for dietary consult. The client tells the nurse, 'I will have to eat whatever the dietitian tells me.' Which of the following statements by the nurse encourages the client's involvement in their plan of care?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Offering to list preferred foods involves the client in planning, promoting adherence. Other options acknowledge feelings or state facts but don't actively engage the client in decision-making.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client in the ICU. The client's ECG monitor tracing reveals sinus bradycardia and ST segment elevation. The client reports shortness of breath and feeling dizzy and faint. Which of the following medications should the nurse administer?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Sinus bradycardia causing dizziness and shortness of breath indicates symptomatic hypotension. Atropine increases heart rate. Lidocaine and sotalol treat arrhythmias, and digoxin slows heart rate, worsening bradycardia.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is administering furosemide 80 mg PO twice daily to a client who has pulmonary edema. Which of the following assessment findings indicates to the nurse that the medication is effective?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Furosemide reduces fluid overload in pulmonary edema, leading to weight loss from diuresis. A 1.8 kg loss indicates effective fluid removal, unlike persistent high respiratory rate, adventitious sounds, or elevated blood pressure, which suggest ongoing edema.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is completing discharge teaching with a client who has a new diagnosis of AIDS. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Wearing gloves and handwashing when changing litter prevents toxoplasmosis, a risk in AIDS due to immunosuppression. Alcohol is insufficient for body fluids, dry cleaning isn't needed, and diet alone doesn't address infection risk.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is experiencing an acute asthma attack. Which of the following should the nurse identify as a contributing factor to the client's manifestations?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Asthma attacks involve bronchoconstriction and inflammation, trapping air and preventing CO2 exhalation, leading to hypercapnia. Elasticity loss is chronic, allergen response is heightened, and inflammation is active, not suppressed.