ATI RN
ATI Medsurg Proctored Final Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has a new diagnosis of essential hypertension. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following findings that is consistent with this diagnosis?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Vertigo. Essential hypertension can cause vertigo due to increased pressure in the blood vessels supplying the inner ear. Vertigo is a common symptom of hypertension. Fatigue (
B) is a non-specific symptom seen in many conditions. Excessive thirst (
C) and frequent urination (
D) are more indicative of diabetes mellitus rather than essential hypertension.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is teaching a client who has hepatitis A about preventing transmission of the virus. Which of the following strategies should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Practice effective hand hygiene. This is crucial in preventing transmission of hepatitis A, which is primarily spread through fecal-oral route. Handwashing with soap and water can remove the virus from hands. Limiting physical activity (
B) and using antiseptic mouthwash (
C) are not effective in preventing transmission. Avoiding drinking water (
D) is not necessary unless the water source is contaminated.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who has fluid overload. Which of the following findings shouldn't the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Increased hematocrit. In fluid overload, there is an excess of fluid in the body, leading to dilution of blood components including hematocrit.
Therefore, an increased hematocrit would not be expected. Increased heart rate (
A), blood pressure (
B), and respiratory rate (
C) are all common findings in fluid overload due to the body's compensatory mechanisms to maintain adequate perfusion. Thus, these findings are expected.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is admitting a client who has acute pancreatitis. Which of the following provider prescriptions should the nurse anticipate?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Pantoprazole 80 mg IV bolus twice daily. In acute pancreatitis, gastric acid hypersecretion can occur, leading to exacerbation of pancreatic inflammation. Pantoprazole is a proton pump inhibitor that helps reduce gastric acid secretion, which can alleviate pancreatic irritation. IV administration ensures rapid onset of action.
B: Furosemide is a diuretic used for conditions like heart failure or edema, not indicated for acute pancreatitis.
C: Lactulose is a laxative used for hepatic encephalopathy to reduce ammonia levels, not indicated for acute pancreatitis.
D: Acetaminophen is a pain reliever, but it does not address the underlying cause of acute pancreatitis.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is reviewing the laboratory findings for a client who developed fat embolism syndrome (FES) following a fracture. Which of the following laboratory findings should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Decreased serum calcium level. In fat embolism syndrome (FES), fat droplets enter the bloodstream and can affect various organs. One of the common complications is hypocalcemia due to the binding of calcium to the fatty acids, leading to decreased serum calcium levels. This can result in symptoms such as confusion, tetany, and seizures. The other choices are incorrect because: B: Increased potassium level is not typically associated with FES. C: Decreased white blood cell count is not a common finding in FES. D: Increased serum albumin level is not related to FES.