ATI RN
ATI RN Adult Medical Surgical 2023 Questions Correct Answers Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has a contusion of the brainstem and reports thirst. The client's urinary output was 4,000 mL over the past 24 hr. The nurse should anticipate a prescription for which of the following IV medications?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Desmopressin. The client with a contusion of the brainstem and increased urinary output of 4,000 mL in 24 hrs is likely experiencing diabetes insipidus (DI), which is characterized by excessive urination and thirst. Desmopressin is a synthetic form of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) that helps reduce urine production and control thirst in DI. Nitroprusside (
A) is a vasodilator used to treat hypertensive emergencies, not related to DI. Furosemide (
B) is a loop diuretic that increases urine output and would worsen the client's condition. Epinephrine (
C) is a sympathomimetic drug used in emergencies like anaphylaxis, not for DI.
Therefore, Desmopressin is the most appropriate choice to address the client's symptoms.
Extract:
A client reports after eating breakfast this morning 0630hrs that they began feeling a tightness in the chest that radiates to the left arm. History: Hyperlipidemea, Hpertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus, Non- smoker, Denies use of alcohol or recreational drug abuse.
Time: 1000hrs Temperature, Heart Rate, Respiratory Rate, Blood Pressure, Oxygen Saturation 1000 37.1°C (98.8°F) 110/min (irregular) 24/min 164/80 mmHg 93% on room air 1015 36.7°C (98.2°F) 120/min (irregular) 22/min 176/82 mmHg 89% on room air. Time: 1015hrs Temperature, Heart Rate, Respiratory Rate, Blood Pressure,Oxygen Saturation 1000 37.1°C (98.8°F) 110/min (irregular) 24/min 164/80 mmHg 1015 36.7°C (98.2°F) 120/min (irregular) 22/min 176/82 mmHg 89% on room air 1200 36.7°C (98.2°F)
Question 2 of 5
Which of the following actions should the nurse take? (Select all that apply)
Correct Answer: A, B, D,E
Rationale: The correct actions for the nurse to take are A, B, D, and E. A - anticipating client prep for cardiac catheterization is important for timely intervention. B - assisting with a continuous heparin infusion helps prevent blood clot formation during the procedure. D - anticipating an increase in metoprolol dosage is necessary to manage cardiac workload during the procedure. E - obtaining a prescription for NPO status is crucial to prevent complications during the procedure.
Choices C (encouraging ambulation) and F (requesting an antibiotic prescription) are not directly related to preparing for cardiac catheterization and may not be necessary in this context.
Extract:
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has acute heart failure and received morphine IV 30 min ago. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as an indication that the medication was effective?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Decreased anxiety. Morphine is often used to relieve pain and anxiety in patients with acute heart failure. The nurse should expect a reduction in anxiety as a positive response to the medication. Emesis (choice
B) is not a typical indication of morphine effectiveness. Increased respiratory rate (choice
C) may indicate respiratory depression, a potential adverse effect of morphine. Decreased urinary output (choice
D) could suggest decreased cardiac output, which is not necessarily a sign of morphine effectiveness in this case.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has neutropenia and is receiving chemotherapy. Which of the following client statements indicates an understanding of the teaching?
Correct Answer: A, C
Rationale:
Correct Answer: A, C
Rationale:
A: Avoiding crowds helps reduce the risk of exposure to infections, crucial for neutropenic clients.
C: Taking temperature daily allows early detection of fever, a sign of infection.
B: Weekly toothbrush washing does not directly impact infection risk.
D: Fresh fruits and vegetables are good for health but not specific to neutropenia management.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving morphine through a PCA device. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. Teaching the client how to self-medicate using the PCA device is essential to empower the client in managing their pain effectively. This promotes autonomy and ensures the client receives the appropriate dose at the right time, enhancing pain control.
Choice B is incorrect as family members should not press the PCA button for the client to maintain safety and prevent medication errors.
Choice C is incorrect as respiratory status should be monitored more frequently, ideally every 1-2 hours, when a client is receiving opioids due to the risk of respiratory depression.
Choice D is incorrect as administering an oral opioid for breakthrough pain may lead to overdose or adverse effects when already receiving morphine through PCA.