ATI RN
ATI RN Pharmacology 2023 retake 1 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who develops an anaphylactic reaction to IV antibiotic administration. After assessing the client's respiratory status and stopping the medication infusion, which of the following actions should the nurse take next?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Administer epinephrine IM. Epinephrine is the first-line treatment for anaphylaxis due to its rapid onset of action and ability to reverse severe allergic reactions. The nurse should administer it promptly to prevent further complications. Elevating the legs (
B) is not recommended as it does not address the anaphylactic reaction. Giving diphenhydramine (
A) may help with itching and hives but is not as effective or rapid as epinephrine. Replacing the infusion (
C) is important but not the immediate priority in managing anaphylaxis.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has received propofol during a colonoscopy. The nurse should monitor for which of the following as an adverse effect of the medication?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Decrease in respiratory rate. Propofol is a sedative-hypnotic medication commonly used for anesthesia. It can cause respiratory depression by depressing the central nervous system. The nurse should monitor the client for signs of decreased respiratory rate, such as shallow breathing or hypoventilation, which can lead to hypoxia. Monitoring respiratory rate is crucial to prevent respiratory complications.
Incorrect Options:
A: Increase in bowel function - Propofol does not affect bowel function.
B: Increase in heart rate - Propofol typically causes a decrease in heart rate due to its sedative effects.
D: Decrease in body temperature - Propofol does not directly affect body temperature.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is reviewing the laboratory data of a client who is receiving filgrastim. Which of the following laboratory values should the nurse monitor to evaluate the effectiveness of the treatment?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: WBC count. Filgrastim is a medication that stimulates the production of white blood cells (WBCs).
Therefore, monitoring the WBC count is essential to evaluate the effectiveness of the treatment. An increase in WBC count indicates the medication is working to boost the immune system. INR (
B) is not relevant as it measures blood clotting time. BUN (
C) assesses kidney function, not related to filgrastim. Potassium level (
D) is important but not specific to evaluating filgrastim effectiveness.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who has a prescription for cefaclor. Which of the following findings should the nurse recognize as an indication of an allergic reaction?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Pruritus. Pruritus, or itching, is a common symptom of an allergic reaction. When a client develops pruritus after taking cefaclor, it indicates a potential allergic response. Hematuria (choice
A) refers to blood in the urine and is not typically associated with an allergic reaction to cefaclor. Slurred speech (choice
C) and tremor (choice
D) are neurological symptoms that are not commonly seen in allergic reactions. In summary, pruritus is a classic manifestation of an allergic reaction to cefaclor, making it the correct choice in this scenario.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer a medication to a client. Using the rights of medication administration, which of the following actions should the nurse take to ensure the right medication is administered to the client?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
Correct
Answer: B - Use two client identifiers prior to administering the medication.
Rationale: Using two client identifiers ensures that the right medication is administered to the correct client. By verifying the client's identity using two unique identifiers such as their name and date of birth, the nurse minimizes the risk of administering the medication to the wrong person. This step is crucial in preventing medication errors and ensuring patient safety.
Other choices:
A: Asking another nurse to check the medication dosage is a good practice for double-checking accuracy but does not specifically ensure the right medication is administered.
C: Documenting the medication name after administration is important for record-keeping but does not prevent errors in medication administration.
D: Verifying a written order with the medication administration record is essential but does not directly ensure the right medication is administered to the correct client.