ATI RN
ATI RN Med Surg Pharm Competence Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who asks why she is being prescribed aspirin 325 mg daily following a myocardial infarction. The nurse should instruct the client that aspirin is prescribed for clients who have coronary artery disease for which of the following effects?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Aspirin is an antiplatelet agent that helps prevent blood clot formation, reducing the risk of further cardiovascular events.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for an older adult client who is 5 days postoperative following a total hip arthroplasty and is receiving meperidine for pain. While the nurse is taking morning vital signs, the client begins to experience a seizure. Which of the following should the nurse recognize as the possible cause for this seizure?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A cumulative effect from meperidine can lead to neurotoxic effects, including seizures, especially in older adults.
Question 3 of 5
A client who is postoperative is receiving IV fluids and a unit of whole blood. The nurse should observe the client for which of the following as an early sign of circulatory overload?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Dyspnea is an early sign of circulatory overload due to pulmonary congestion from excessive fluid administration.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer 0.9% sodium chloride (NS) 100 mL IV to infuse over 4 hr. The drip factor of the manual IV tubing is 60 gtt/mL. The nurse should set the manual IV infusion to deliver how many gtt/min? (Round the answer to the nearest whole number.)
Correct Answer: 25 gtt/min.
Rationale: Drip rate (gtt/min) = (100 mL / 240 min) x 60 gtt/mL = 25 gtt/min.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer diphenhydramine to a client who is to receive a blood transfusion. The nurse should explain that the purpose of diphenhydramine is to prevent which of the following manifestations of a transfusion reaction?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Diphenhydramine is an antihistamine used to prevent allergic reactions, such as urticaria (hives), during blood transfusions.