ATI RN
ATI RN Fundamentals Exam 3 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client suspected of having a pulmonary embolism. The client's arterial blood gas results indicate respiratory alkalosis. Which findings support this diagnosis?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because the client's arterial blood gas results show a high pH (alkalosis) along with a low PaCO2 and a normal HCO3 level. A high pH indicates alkalosis, which can be caused by hyperventilation, as seen in pulmonary embolism. The low PaCO2 (25) indicates respiratory alkalosis, as the client is excreting excess carbon dioxide due to hyperventilation. The normal HCO3 level (24) suggests the kidneys are trying to compensate for the respiratory alkalosis by retaining bicarbonate.
Choices B, C, and D do not align with the findings of respiratory alkalosis. B has a normal pH and elevated HCO3, C has a normal pH but low HCO3, and D has a low pH and high PaCO2.
Therefore, these options do not support the diagnosis of respiratory alkalosis in a client with suspected pulmonary embolism.
Question 2 of 5
The client experiencing abdominal distention and severe vomiting has just had a nasogastric (NG) tube inserted. When teaching this client which rationale for the use of the NG tube should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Decompressing the stomach. The rationale for this is that an NG tube is commonly used to remove excess gas/fluid from the stomach to relieve abdominal distention and vomiting. This helps prevent further complications such as aspiration.
Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because administering medications, determining pH of gastric secretions, and supplying nutrients are not primary purposes of an NG tube insertion in this scenario. It is essential for the nurse to prioritize teaching the client about the immediate purpose of the NG tube to ensure the client's understanding and cooperation.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse recognizes that which behavior would not be considered a sign of grief resolution in a client whose partner died a year ago? The client
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because considering the opinions of the deceased when making decisions indicates that the client is still heavily influenced by the partner who passed away. This behavior suggests ongoing attachment and difficulty moving forward in the grieving process. In contrast, attending grief support group meetings (choice
A) shows active engagement in processing emotions, being future-oriented in discussions (choice
B) indicates looking ahead and focusing on life beyond grief, and experiencing occasional waves of grief triggered by pictures or events (choice
C) is a normal part of the grieving process.
Therefore, only choice D demonstrates a lack of resolution in grief as it signifies continued reliance on the deceased partner's opinions in decision-making.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse recognizes that chronic stress can lead to a variety of illnesses in a patient. This is primarily because:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because chronic stress triggers the body's fight-or-flight response, causing continuous release of stress hormones like cortisol and adrenaline. Initially adaptive for survival, prolonged release of these hormones can become maladaptive, leading to negative effects on physical health.
Choices A, C, and D are incorrect as chronic stress does not directly change genetic structure, deplete corticosteroids and catecholamines, or result in loss of psychological energy.
Question 5 of 5
How can teaching be best provided to a client who has a different primary language than the nurse?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Make arrangements to teach using an interpreter. This option ensures effective communication and understanding between the nurse and the client with a different primary language. The interpreter can accurately convey information, clarify doubts, and facilitate a two-way exchange. Other choices may not guarantee clear communication: A could be challenging due to language barriers, C may not be sufficient for complex concepts, and D relies on the client's ability to read in their primary language. Using an interpreter is the most direct and reliable method to ensure successful teaching in such a scenario.