ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology 2023 III Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client in the post-anesthesia unit who is experiencing malignant hyperthermia. Which of the following prescriptions should the nurse anticipate administering?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Dantrolene. Malignant hyperthermia is a potentially life-threatening condition triggered by certain anesthetics. Dantrolene is the specific antidote for malignant hyperthermia as it works to inhibit calcium release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum, preventing muscle contraction and reducing body temperature. Verapamil (
A) is a calcium channel blocker and not indicated for malignant hyperthermia. Naloxone (
B) is an opioid antagonist used for opioid overdose, not for malignant hyperthermia. Cefazolin (
C) is an antibiotic used for infection, not for malignant hyperthermia.
Therefore, the correct choice is Dantrolene (
D) for treating malignant hyperthermia.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client with hypertension who is receiving propranolol. Which of the following findings requires the nurse's intervention?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because propranolol is a beta-blocker that can slow down the heart rate. A heart rate of 56/min may indicate bradycardia, which can be a sign of overdose or adverse reaction to the medication. The nurse should intervene by assessing for symptoms of bradycardia and potentially contacting the healthcare provider.
Choices B, C, and D are within normal ranges and do not require immediate intervention.
Choice B indicates adequate oxygen saturation, choice C shows normal respiratory rate, and choice D represents a slightly low but acceptable blood pressure reading.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is developing a teaching plan for an older adult client who has a new prescription for insulin glargine. Which of the following expected outcomes should the nurse include in the plan?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale:
1. Safety: Wearing reading glasses ensures accurate dosage measurement, crucial for insulin administration.
2. Precision: Insulin dosage is precise; reading glasses help ensure correct measurement.
3. Client-centered: Older adults may have visual impairments; wearing glasses promotes self-care.
4. Education: Teaches importance of accuracy in insulin administration to prevent complications.
Summary:
A: Incorrect - Insulin glargine is a long-acting insulin and is not necessarily administered before each meal.
B: Incorrect - Deltoid muscle is not a recommended site for insulin injections due to variable absorption rates.
C: Incorrect - Additional doses of insulin glargine should be prescribed by a healthcare provider, not based on exercise alone.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who is taking warfarin. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as the priority to report to the provider?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Melena. Melena indicates gastrointestinal bleeding, which can be a serious side effect of warfarin. It requires immediate medical attention to prevent further complications like hemorrhage. Reporting this symptom promptly is crucial for timely intervention.
Choice A (Fever) may indicate an infection, but it is not as critical as bleeding.
Choice B (Abdominal cramping) is a common side effect of warfarin and can usually be managed with adjustments in diet or medication.
Choice C (Hair loss) is not typically associated with warfarin use and is a less urgent concern.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who is taking phenelzine and reports eating aged cheese. Which of the following is a manifestation of an interaction between the medication and the food?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Hypertension. Phenelzine is a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) that can interact with tyramine-rich foods like aged cheese, leading to a hypertensive crisis. Tyramine in aged cheese can displace norepinephrine from nerve terminals, causing a sudden increase in blood pressure.
A: Somnolence is a common side effect of phenelzine but is not directly related to the interaction with aged cheese.
B: Diarrhea is not a typical manifestation of the interaction between phenelzine and aged cheese.
C: Bradycardia is not associated with the interaction between phenelzine and aged cheese; it is more commonly seen with other medications or conditions.
E, F, G: No further choices provided.