ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology 2023 III Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client in the post-anesthesia unit who is experiencing malignant hyperthermia. Which of the following prescriptions should the nurse anticipate administering?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Dantrolene. Malignant hyperthermia is a potentially life-threatening condition triggered by certain anesthetics. Dantrolene is the specific antidote for malignant hyperthermia as it works to inhibit calcium release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum, preventing muscle contraction and reducing body temperature. Verapamil (
A) is a calcium channel blocker and not indicated for malignant hyperthermia. Naloxone (
B) is an opioid antagonist used for opioid overdose, not for malignant hyperthermia. Cefazolin (
C) is an antibiotic used for infection, not for malignant hyperthermia.
Therefore, the correct choice is Dantrolene (
D) for treating malignant hyperthermia.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has received propofol during a colonoscopy. The nurse should monitor for which of the following as an adverse effect of the medication?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Decrease in respiratory rate. Propofol is a sedative-hypnotic medication that can cause respiratory depression as a side effect. This occurs due to its central nervous system depressant effects, leading to a decrease in the drive to breathe. Monitoring for a decrease in respiratory rate is crucial to prevent respiratory compromise or failure. The other options are incorrect because propofol does not typically cause an increase in heart rate (
A), bowel function (
C), or body temperature (
D) as its primary adverse effects.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who received the measles, mumps, and rubella virus vaccine. Which of the following findings indicates an adverse reaction to the vaccination?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Petechiae. Petechiae are small red or purple spots on the skin caused by bleeding under the skin. This can indicate a serious adverse reaction to the vaccine, such as a bleeding disorder. Bradycardia (choice
A), tinnitus (choice
C), and blurred vision (choice
D) are not typical adverse reactions to the measles, mumps, and rubella vaccine. Bradycardia is a slow heart rate, tinnitus is ringing in the ears, and blurred vision can be a side effect of various medications but are not commonly associated with this vaccine.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse in a provider's office is evaluating the effectiveness of alendronate for a client who has osteoporosis. Which of the following diagnostic results should the nurse review?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (Dexa scan). This diagnostic test measures bone mineral density, which is crucial in assessing the effectiveness of alendronate in treating osteoporosis. Dexa scan provides quantitative data on bone mass and helps monitor changes over time. Reviewing this result will help the nurse evaluate the medication's impact on the client's bone health.
Other choices are incorrect because:
A: Urine specific gravity is not relevant in evaluating alendronate's effectiveness for osteoporosis.
B: Hemoglobin AIC (Hb AI
C) is used to assess long-term blood glucose control in diabetes, not related to osteoporosis treatment.
D: Lumbar puncture is an invasive procedure to collect cerebrospinal fluid, unrelated to osteoporosis management.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse accidently administers metformin instead of metoprolol to a client. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Check the client's glucose level. Metformin is used to treat diabetes, so administering it instead of metoprolol can cause hypoglycemia. Checking the client's glucose level is crucial to monitor for and manage potential hypoglycemia. Monitoring thyroid function levels (
B), collecting uric acid level (
C), and obtaining HDL level (
D) are not directly related to the administration error and are not immediate priorities. The nurse should focus on addressing the potential hypoglycemia first.