ATI RN
ATI Med Surg Exam 2 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client following his first hemodialysis treatment. The client reports a headache, nausea, and restlessness. The nurse should identify these findings as manifestations of which of the following complications?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Dialysis disequilibrium syndrome, common after initial hemodialysis, causes headache, nausea, and restlessness. Air embolism, septicemia, and peritonitis have different symptoms.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has a new diagnosis of urolithiasis. Which of the following should the nurse identify as an associated risk factor?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Diuretics, especially thiazides, increase urinary calcium, promoting stones. Hypocalcemia, family history, and low BMI are less directly linked.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is preparing a client for a kidney biopsy. Which of the following client conditions should the nurse identify as a contraindication for this diagnostic test?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Bleeding tendencies increase biopsy complication risk. Elevated creatinine, retention, and pain are not contraindications.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is teaching a client who has acute kidney disease about fluid restrictions. Which of the following statements by the client should the nurse identify as understanding of the teaching?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Not counting ice cream as fluid shows misunderstanding, as it contributes to fluid intake, indicating correct understanding of restrictions.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who reports to the clinic for laboratory tests. The client has an acute kidney injury caused by acute tubular necrosis and asks why their glomerular filtration rate (GFR) keeps decreasing. Which of the following pathophysiological changes occurring in the kidney should the nurse explain as the cause of the decrease?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In acute tubular necrosis, tubular cell injury impairs reabsorption, reducing GFR. Obstruction, inflammation, and reduced blood flow are less primary causes.