ATI RN
ATI Pediatrics Unit 2 Exam Questions
Extract:
A nurse is caring for a child who is suspected of having pertussis.
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a child who is suspected of having pertussis. The nurse should recognize that the pathophysiology of pertussis includes which of the following?
Correct Answer: C,D,E
Rationale: The correct answers are C, D, and E.
C: Pertussis is caused by the bacteria Bordetella pertussis, which releases toxins attacking cilia, leading to respiratory issues.
D: The infection affects the lungs and airway, causing inflammation, coughing, and breathing difficulties.
E: Secretions are produced due to the infection, causing difficulty in expelling them.
Incorrect choices:
A: Pertussis primarily affects the respiratory system, not just the nostrils.
B: Pertussis is caused by bacteria, not a virus.
Overall, the correct answers align with the pathophysiology of pertussis, focusing on bacterial toxins, lung inflammation, and secretions, which are key features of the disease.
Extract:
A nurse is providing care to a school-aged child who has uncontrolled asthma. The child's parent does not seem engaged in the child's treatment during the hospitalization and states that the child manages their care with little assistance from them.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is providing care to a school-aged child who has uncontrolled asthma. The child's parent does not seem engaged in the child's treatment during the hospitalization and states that the child manages their care with little assistance from them. Which of the following nursing interventions is most appropriate?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The most appropriate nursing intervention is C: Empower the child's parent to help manage the asthma by offering comprehensive education. This is essential as it involves actively involving the parent in the child's care, equipping them with the knowledge and skills needed to support the child effectively. By educating the parent on the condition, treatment plan, and potential complications, the parent can better understand and assist in managing the child's asthma at home. This approach promotes collaboration and reinforces the parent's role in the child's care, leading to better outcomes.
Choice A: Contacting child protective services is not warranted in this scenario as there is no evidence of neglect or abuse.
Choice B: While providing a detailed schedule and contact information is helpful, it does not address the underlying issue of lack of parental engagement and empowerment.
Choice D: Reviewing the asthma action plan is important but may not be as effective as actively involving the parent in the child's care through education and empowerment.
Extract:
A nurse is teaching the parents of a child who is to start using a metered-dose inhaler (MDI) to treat asthma.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is teaching the parents of a child who is to start using a metered-dose inhaler (MDI) to treat asthma. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: The spacer increases the amount of medication delivered to the lungs. Spacers help ensure that more medication reaches the lungs by slowing down the speed of the medication particles, making it easier to inhale and reducing the amount that is deposited in the mouth and throat. This increases the effectiveness of the medication in treating asthma.
Choice A is incorrect because the spacer actually decreases the amount of medication deposited in the oropharynx.
Choice C is incorrect as inhaling rapidly can lead to improper medication delivery.
Choice D is incorrect as covering the exhalation slots with lips can lead to poor inhalation technique.
Extract:
A nurse in an emergency department is caring for a child who is experiencing an acute asthma attack.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse in an emergency department is caring for a child who is experiencing an acute asthma attack. Which of the following medications should the nurse expect to administer first?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Albuterol. In an acute asthma attack, a short-acting beta agonist like Albuterol is administered first as a rescue medication to quickly dilate the airways and relieve bronchospasm, providing immediate relief. Albuterol acts quickly within minutes to open up the airways, making it the priority medication in managing acute asthma exacerbations. Montelukast (
A) is a leukotriene receptor antagonist used for long-term asthma control. Budesonide (
B) and Fluticasone (
D) are inhaled corticosteroids used for maintenance therapy to prevent asthma symptoms but are not for immediate relief in acute attacks.
Extract:
A nurse is caring for a child who is suspected of having pertussis.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a child who is suspected of having pertussis. The nurse should recognize that the pathophysiology of pertussis includes which of the following? (Select All that Apply.)
Correct Answer: C,D,E
Rationale: The correct answers are C, D, and E. C: The toxins released by the bacteria in pertussis attack epithelial cell cilia, leading to the characteristic "whooping" cough. D: The infection causes inflammation in the lungs and airways, contributing to respiratory distress. E: Secretions are produced due to the infection, which are sticky and difficult to expel, leading to further respiratory complications. A: Pertussis primarily affects the respiratory tract, not just the nostrils. B: Pertussis is caused by the bacterium Bordetella pertussis, not a virus.
Therefore, B is incorrect. Overall, choices C, D, and E are correct because they accurately describe key aspects of pertussis pathophysiology, while choices A and B contain inaccuracies.