ATI RN
ATI Nur 223a Sect 4 Pediatrics Final Exam Questions
Extract:
Child who is experiencing a seizure.
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a child who is experiencing a seizure. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Position the child laterally. This is the correct action because it helps prevent aspiration and maintains an open airway during a seizure. Placing the child on their side also reduces the risk of injury. Restraint of the child's arms (
A) can lead to further injury. Attempting to stop the seizure (
C) is not within the nurse's scope of practice and can be dangerous. Using a padded tongue blade (
D) is not recommended as it can cause harm.
Extract:
Child who has suspected epiglottitis.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is planning care for a child who has suspected epiglottitis. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Place the child in an upright position. In suspected epiglottitis, the priority is to maintain the airway. Placing the child in an upright position helps prevent further airway obstruction by allowing gravity to assist in keeping the airway open. This position also helps the child breathe more easily. Obtaining a throat culture (
A) and visualizing the epiglottis with a tongue depressor (
C) can potentially trigger a spasm leading to airway obstruction. Transporting the child to radiology for a throat x-ray (
D) may delay immediate intervention to secure the airway.
Extract:
School-age child who has acute glomerulonephritis with peripheral edema and is producing 35 mL of urine per hour.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a school-age child who has acute glomerulonephritis with peripheral edema and is producing 35 mL of urine per hour. The nurse should place the client on which of the following diets?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Low-sodium, fluid-restricted diet. In acute glomerulonephritis, the kidneys are unable to effectively filter out waste and excess fluid, leading to peripheral edema and decreased urine output. A low-sodium diet helps reduce fluid retention and prevents further edema. Fluid restriction helps maintain fluid balance in the body.
Choices A, B, and C are not appropriate as they do not directly address the issue of fluid retention and edema. A low-carbohydrate and low-protein diet may be too restrictive for a growing school-age child. A regular diet with no added salt may exacerbate fluid retention. A low-protein, low-potassium diet may not be necessary in this case.
Extract:
Nurse is preparing to administer 5% dextrose in 0.45% sodium chloride 1,000 mL IV to infuse over 12 hr.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer 5% dextrose in 0.45% sodium chloride 1,000 mL IV to infuse over 12 hr. The nurse should set the IV pump to deliver how many mL/hr?
Correct Answer: 83
Rationale: The correct answer is 83 mL/hr.
To calculate the infusion rate for 12 hours, multiply the total volume (1000 mL) by the infusion rate factor (1000/12). This gives 83.33 mL/hr, which can be rounded to 83 mL/hr. This calculation ensures the correct administration of the IV solution over the specified time frame. Other choices are incorrect because they do not align with the correct calculation method or represent inaccurate infusion rates.
Extract:
Infant's vital signs.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is preparing to measure an infant's vital signs. The nurse should use which of the following sites to assess a heart rate?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Apex of the heart. When assessing an infant's heart rate, the apex of the heart is the most accurate site due to the infant's small size and thin chest wall, allowing for a more direct and precise measurement of the heartbeat. The apex is located at the point of maximal impulse (PMI) on the left side of the chest, typically at the 4th or 5th intercostal space in the midclavicular line. This location provides the nurse with the closest proximity to the heart, enabling the detection of subtle changes in heart rate. Brachial, radial, and carotid arteries are used to assess pulse, not heart rate, making choices B, C, and D incorrect in this context.