ATI RN
ATI RN Pediatric Nursing 2023 Exam 3 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a child who has epiglottitis due to an infection with Haemophilus influenzae type B. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: C,D,E
Rationale: The correct actions are to monitor oxygen saturation (
C) due to potential airway compromise, begin droplet precautions (
D) to prevent spread of infection, and initiate IV access (E) for potential emergency treatment. Inspecting the epiglottis (
A) could trigger a spasm and worsen the airway obstruction. Obtaining a throat culture (
B) may not be necessary in the immediate management of epiglottitis.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a 5-year-old child who has acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis. Which of the following findings should indicate to the nurse that treatment has been effective?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Clear urine. In acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis, the kidneys become inflamed and may present with hematuria and proteinuria. Clear urine indicates resolution of these symptoms, reflecting improved kidney function. A: Temperature and D: Odorless urine are unrelated to the condition. B: No pain with voiding is important but not a direct indicator of treatment effectiveness. Other choices are not relevant.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is planning care for a child who is in the acute stage of nephrotic syndrome. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan of care?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Weigh the child once per day. In nephrotic syndrome, monitoring weight daily is crucial to assess fluid status and response to treatment. Weight gain indicates fluid retention, a common complication. Positioning the child supine (
B) is not relevant. Calorie intake should be sufficient to meet increased metabolic demands, so limiting it to 45 cal/kg/day (
C) is incorrect. Increasing fluid intake to 2 L/day (
D) may worsen fluid overload.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a parent of a child who has juvenile idiopathic arthritis and a new prescription for prednisone. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Monitor your child for indications of infection. Prednisone is an immunosuppressant medication that can increase the risk of infections. Monitoring for signs of infection such as fever, sore throat, or cough is crucial to prevent complications.
Choice A is incorrect because abruptly stopping prednisone can lead to withdrawal symptoms.
Choice B is incorrect as prednisone can cause low potassium levels, so limiting potassium-rich foods is not necessary.
Choice C is incorrect as prednisone may affect growth but not necessarily stimulate a growth spurt.
Extract:
Nurse Notes: Child presents to the emergency department (ED). Guardians report the child woke up coughing with a low-grade fever. Child appears alert and restless in guardian's arms. Respirations easy, no cough noted. 0800: Child became agitated. Hoarse cry noted with audible inspiratory stridor. Barking, non-productive cough present. Vital Signs: 0730: Tympanic temperature 38.1 C (100.6 F), Heart rate 95/min, Respiratory rate 20/min, Oxygen saturation 98% on room air. 0800: Tympanic temperature 38.2 C (100.6 F), Heart rate 95/min, Respiratory rate 20/min, Oxygen saturation 96% on room air. Provider Prescription: Sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim 8 mg TMP/kg/day PO, Salicylic acid 20 mg/kg/dose every 4 hr as needed for pain and fever
Question 5 of 5
For each of the following findings, click to specify if the finding is consistent with acute laryngotracheobronchitis or pneumonia. Each finding may support more than one disease process.
| Finding | Acute laryngotracheobronchitis | pneumonia |
|---|---|---|
| Irritability | ||
| Cough findings at 0800 | ||
| Stridor | ||
| Temperature |
Correct Answer: A,B,C,D
Rationale: [
Rationale: ]
A - Irritability: Both acute laryngotracheobronchitis and pneumonia can cause irritability due to respiratory distress.
B - Cough findings at 0800: Both conditions manifest with cough, often worse in the morning.
C - Stridor: Stridor is a common sign of upper airway obstruction seen in acute laryngotracheobronchitis.
D - Temperature: Fever is a common symptom in both acute laryngotracheobronchitis and pneumonia.
Summary:
- Acute laryngotracheobronchitis and pneumonia can both present with irritability, cough, stridor, and fever.