ATI RN
ATI RN Pediatrics 2023 Questions
Extract:
Child with epiglottitis due to Haemophilus influenzae type B
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a child who has epiglottitis due to an infection with Haemophilus influenzae type B. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: A,B,D
Rationale: The correct answers are A, B, and D.
A: Begin droplet precautions - This is crucial to prevent the spread of infection as Haemophilus influenzae type B is transmitted through respiratory droplets.
B: Initiate IV access - Important for administering antibiotics and fluids to manage the infection and maintain hydration.
D: Monitor oxygen saturation - Essential to assess respiratory status as epiglottitis can lead to airway obstruction and respiratory distress.
Incorrect choices:
C: Inspect the epiglottis - Direct visualization can be dangerous and can lead to worsening airway obstruction.
E: Obtain a throat culture - Not a priority in the acute care of epiglottitis; treatment should be initiated promptly based on clinical presentation.
Extract:
6-month-old infant
Question 2 of 5
A nurse in a pediatric intensive care unit is assessing a 6-month-old infant. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as an indication of neurological impairment?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C. The nurse should identify a drowsy infant who responds immediately to verbal stimuli as an indication of neurological impairment. This finding suggests altered consciousness, which can be a sign of neurological dysfunction. The infant's drowsiness indicates decreased alertness, while the immediate response to verbal stimuli may point towards an abnormal neurological response. This combination of symptoms raises concern for potential neurological issues.
Choice A is incorrect because an oxygen saturation of 96% on room air is within the normal range for a 6-month-old infant.
Choice B is incorrect as self-reporting pain on a scale of 0 to 10 is not applicable to an infant.
Choice D is incorrect as the blood pressure of 100/60 mm Hg is within the normal range for a 6-month-old.
Extract:
Toddler with manifestations of epiglottitis
Question 3 of 5
A nurse in an emergency department is caring for a toddler who has manifestations of epiglottitis. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Initiate droplet precautions. This is the first action the nurse should take because epiglottitis is a medical emergency with the potential for rapid airway compromise. By initiating droplet precautions, the nurse can help prevent the spread of infection to others while also protecting themselves. Obtaining an x-ray (choice
A) or administering antibiotics (choice
C) can be important interventions but should not take precedence over protecting the airway. Placing intubation equipment (choice
B) at the bedside may be necessary but is not the first action to prioritize in this situation.
Extract:
20-year-old adolescent with syphilis
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is providing teaching for a 20-year-old adolescent who has syphilis. Which of the following statements should the nurse make?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: "I have to notify the public health department." This statement is important in the case of syphilis because it is a notifiable disease, meaning healthcare providers are required by law to report cases to the public health department for tracking and monitoring. By notifying the public health department, they can initiate contact tracing, treatment follow-up, and prevent further spread of the disease.
A: Reviewing side effects of metronidazole is not directly related to syphilis management.
B: Contacting the adolescent's parents may violate confidentiality and may not be necessary.
C: Asking the adolescent to come back for retesting is important but not as crucial as notifying the public health department.
Summary: The correct answer ensures appropriate public health measures are taken, while the other choices are either not directly related to the disease or not as critical in the management of syphilis.
Extract:
Child with HIV
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is providing teaching to a parent of a child who has HIV. Which of the following statements by the parent indicates an understanding of the teaching?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: "I will ensure that my child is tested for tuberculosis every year." This statement indicates an understanding of the teaching because children with HIV are at a higher risk for tuberculosis. Regular testing is essential for early detection and treatment.
Incorrect answers:
A: Incorrect because doubling medications without medical advice can be harmful.
B: Incorrect because childhood immunizations should not be repeated in remission.
D: Incorrect because transmission risk doesn't decrease in 2 weeks; consistent treatment is necessary.