ATI RN
ATI Nur 223a Sect 4 Pediatrics Final Exam Questions
Extract:
6-month-old infant.
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a 6-month-old infant. Which of the following findings should indicate to the nurse that the client is experiencing pain following a procedure?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Increased crying episodes. Infants often communicate pain through increased crying. This is the most reliable indicator of pain in non-verbal infants. Decreased respiratory rate (
B) and heart rate (
C) are not typical signs of pain and may actually indicate distress. Increased formula consumption (
D) is unlikely to indicate pain as infants may seek comfort through feeding.
Extract:
Child who is in sickle cell crisis.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is assessing a child who is in sickle cell crisis. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: High fever. During a sickle cell crisis, the sickled red blood cells block blood flow, leading to tissue damage and pain. This can trigger an inflammatory response, causing a high fever. Bradycardia (
B) and decreased respiratory rate (
D) are not typical findings in sickle cell crisis. Constipation (
C) is not directly related to a sickle cell crisis.
Extract:
15-month-old toddler.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is assessing a 15-month-old toddler. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: The toddler cannot stand upright without support. At 15 months, toddlers should be able to stand and walk independently. Not being able to stand without support could indicate a developmental delay or muscular weakness. This finding should be reported to the provider for further evaluation and intervention.
Incorrect choices:
B: Building a tower of 6-7 cubes is a fine motor skill that typically develops around 18 months.
C: Jumping with both feet is a gross motor skill that usually appears around 24 months.
D: Turning a doorknob requires fine motor skills and coordination, which may not be fully developed until around 3 years of age.
Extract:
Conditions associated with tetralogy of Fallot.
Question 4 of 5
Which of the following conditions is commonly associated with tetralogy of Fallot?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Congenital heart defect. Tetralogy of Fallot is a congenital heart defect characterized by four specific abnormalities in the heart's structure. These include pulmonary stenosis, ventricular septal defect, overriding aorta, and right ventricular hypertrophy. Polycythemia (
B) can occur as a result of chronic hypoxia associated with Tetralogy of Fallot. Pulmonary hypertension (
C) is a consequence of the pulmonary stenosis component of Tetralogy of Fallot. Asthma (
A) is not directly associated with Tetralogy of Fallot.
Extract:
Child who has a suspected diagnosis of bacterial meningitis.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a child who has a suspected diagnosis of bacterial meningitis. Which of the following actions is the nurse's priority?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Administer an intravenous antibiotic. Administering antibiotics promptly is crucial in bacterial meningitis to prevent complications and reduce mortality. The priority is to start antibiotics as soon as possible to target the bacteria causing the infection. Obtaining blood cultures (
A) is important but not the immediate priority. Preparing for a lumbar puncture (
C) is essential for diagnosis but administering antibiotics takes precedence. Placing the child in isolation (
D) is important for infection control but not the immediate priority over administering antibiotics.