ATI RN Pediatric Nursing 2023 I

Extract:

Question 1 of 5

A nurse is caring for a 5-year-old child who has nephrotic syndrome. Which of the following findings should indicate to the nurse that treatment has been effective?

A. Odorless urine B. No report of pain with voiding C. Urine output 256 mL over 8 hr D. Temperature 37.2Â° C (99Â° F)

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Urine output 256 mL over 8 hr. In nephrotic syndrome, the hallmark sign of treatment effectiveness is increased urine output due to improved kidney function. This indicates that the kidneys are effectively filtering waste products from the body. Odorless urine (
A) and no pain with voiding (
B) are important but do not directly reflect kidney function. Temperature (
D) is within normal range and does not indicate treatment effectiveness for nephrotic syndrome.

Question 2 of 5

A charge nurse is observing a staff nurse who is caring for a child who has pertussis. Which of the following actions by the staff nurse indicates an understanding of infection control practices?

A. Maintains droplet precautions while the child is coughing and sneezing B. Applies a face mask after entering the child's room C. Wears gloves when assisting the child to the bathroom D. Follows airborne precautions by wearing an N95 respirator while caring for the child

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because maintaining droplet precautions while the child is coughing and sneezing is appropriate for pertussis, which is transmitted through respiratory droplets. This includes wearing a mask within 3 feet of the child, ensuring proper hand hygiene, and using dedicated equipment. Options B, C, and D are incorrect because applying a face mask after entering the room, wearing gloves for bathroom assistance, and using an N95 respirator for airborne precautions are not specific to pertussis infection control measures. Option B is more focused on protecting the nurse rather than preventing transmission. Option C is not directly related to pertussis transmission, and option D is excessive for the mode of transmission of pertussis.

Question 3 of 5

A nurse is prioritizing care for four clients. Which of the following clients should the nurse assess first?

A. A toddler who has a new diagnosis of osteomyelitis and is to receive an IV bolus of nafcillin B. An adolescent who is in skin traction and reports a pain level of 7 on a scale from 0 to 10 C. An adolescent who has sickle cell anemia and slurred speech D. A toddler who has a partial-thickness burn on his right hand and requires a dressing change.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C. The nurse should assess the adolescent with sickle cell anemia and slurred speech first as this can indicate a potential neurological complication such as a stroke. Neurological changes require immediate assessment and intervention to prevent further complications. Assessing and addressing the slurred speech is crucial in this situation. Option A involves a toddler with a new diagnosis of osteomyelitis, which is important but not as urgent as assessing neurological symptoms. Option B involves an adolescent in skin traction with pain, which can be managed after the urgent assessment of slurred speech. Option D involves a toddler with a burn injury, which also requires attention but is not as urgent as the potential neurological issue in option C.

Question 4 of 5

A nurse is preparing to administer immunizations to a 3-month-old infant. Which of the following is an appropriate action for the nurse to take to deliver atraumatic care?

A. Apply eutectic mixture of local anesthetics (EMLA) cream immediately before the injections. B. Provide a pacifier coated with an oral sucrose solution prior to the injections. C. Inject the immunizations into the deltoid muscle. D. Use a 20-gauge needle for the injections.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Provide a pacifier coated with an oral sucrose solution prior to the injections. This is appropriate as it helps to reduce pain and distress during the immunizations for the infant. The pacifier with sucrose solution can provide comfort and distraction, leading to a more positive experience.
Choice A (EMLA cream) may reduce pain but is not as effective for infants.
Choice C (deltoid muscle) is not recommended for infants.
Choice D (20-gauge needle) is too large for an infant and may cause more pain.

Question 5 of 5

A nurse is caring for an adolescent who has major depressive disorder. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?

A. Ask the client if he is considering harming himself. B. Encourage the client to attend a group therapy session. C. Administer an antidepressant to the client. D. Assist the client in completing his ADLs.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A. Asking the client if he is considering harming himself is the priority as it assesses the immediate risk of self-harm, which is crucial in managing major depressive disorder. This action allows the nurse to evaluate the severity of the client's condition and initiate appropriate interventions to ensure the client's safety. Encouraging group therapy (
B) and administering antidepressants (
C) are important, but assessing for self-harm takes precedence. Assisting with ADLs (
D) is also important but not as urgent as assessing for self-harm.

ATI RN Pediatric Nursing 2023 I | Nurselytic

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