ATI RN
ATI Nur223g Pediatrics Sect 2 Final Exam Questions
Extract:
A 2-year-old child in an acute care setting. Vital Signs: A: BP 90/52 mm Hg, heart rate 120/min, respirations 28/min, axillary temperature 37.3°C. B: BP 79/40 mm Hg, heart rate 135/min, respirations 32/min, oral temperature 38°C. C: BP 85/50 mm Hg, heart rate 95/min, respirations 26/min, axillary temperature 36.7°C. D: BP 88/45 mm Hg, heart rate 113/min, respirations 28/min, oral temperature 37.6°C.
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a 2-year-old child in an acute care setting. Which of the following vital signs require immediate notification to a primary care provider?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. A BP of 79/40 mm Hg is significantly low for a 2-year-old child and requires immediate notification to the primary care provider. This hypotension could indicate poor perfusion and potential shock. Additionally, the elevated heart rate of 135/min and increased respiratory rate of 32/min suggest the body is compensating for decreased blood pressure, further emphasizing the need for prompt intervention. The oral temperature of 38°C may indicate a fever, which, in conjunction with the other vital signs, raises concerns about a possible underlying infection or illness.
Choices A, C, and D have vital signs within normal ranges for a child of this age and do not indicate immediate concern.
Extract:
A child who has mumps.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is planning care for a child who has mumps. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the plan?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Initiate droplet precautions. Mumps is transmitted through respiratory droplets, so implementing droplet precautions is essential to prevent the spread of the infection. This includes wearing a mask when in close contact with the child, ensuring proper hand hygiene, and using appropriate personal protective equipment. Standard precautions (
A) are not specific to preventing the transmission of mumps. Contact precautions (
B) are used for diseases spread by direct contact, not respiratory droplets like mumps. Airborne precautions (
D) are for diseases transmitted through the air, which mumps is not.
Extract:
A 6-month-old infant following a procedure.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a 6-month-old infant. Which of the following findings should indicate to the nurse that the client is experiencing pain following a procedure?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Increased crying episodes. This indicates pain in infants as they communicate discomfort through crying. Decreased respiratory rate and heart rate are not typical signs of pain in infants. Increased formula consumption may indicate hunger, not pain. Choose answers that directly relate to pain assessment in infants.
Extract:
A child who has suspected epiglottitis.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is planning care for a child who has suspected epiglottitis. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Place the child in an upright position. This is crucial in suspected epiglottitis to prevent further obstruction of the airway. Placing the child in an upright position helps to maintain the airway patency by utilizing gravity to prevent the epiglottis from blocking the trachea. This position allows the child to breathe more easily and reduces the risk of respiratory distress.
Choice B: Obtaining a throat culture is not the priority in suspected epiglottitis as immediate airway management is crucial.
Choice C: Transporting the child to radiology for a throat x-ray is not recommended in suspected epiglottitis due to the risk of worsening airway obstruction during transport.
Choice D: Visualizing the epiglottis with a tongue depressor is contraindicated in suspected epiglottitis as it can trigger spasm and further occlude the airway.
In summary, placing the child in an
Extract:
A client who has an acute asthma exacerbation.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse in a clinic sees a client who has an acute asthma exacerbation. Which of the following medications should reduce the symptoms?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Albuterol via jet nebulizer. Albuterol is a short-acting beta agonist bronchodilator that acts quickly to relieve bronchospasm, a common symptom in acute asthma exacerbations. When delivered via a nebulizer, it can provide rapid relief by dilating the airways and increasing airflow. Budesonide (
A) is a corticosteroid used for long-term asthma control, not for acute exacerbations. Cromolyn (
B) is a mast cell stabilizer that is more suitable for preventing asthma attacks rather than treating acute symptoms. Montelukast (
C) is a leukotriene receptor antagonist that is also used for long-term asthma management, not for immediate symptom relief.