ATI RN
ATI RN Adult Medical Surgical 2019 with NGN Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is assessing for early signs of compartment syndrome for a client who has a short-leg fiberglass cast. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Intense pain with movement is an early sign of compartment syndrome due to increased pressure compromising tissue perfusion. Bounding pulses, erythema, and normal capillary refill are not typical early indicators.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is reviewing the following ABG results for a postoperative client: pH 7.27, PaCO2 49 mm Hg, PaO2 65 mm Hg, HCO 22 mEq/L. The nurse should interpret the findings as which of the following imbalances?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Low pH (7.27) and high PaCO2 (49 mm Hg) with normal HCO3 indicate respiratory acidosis from hypoventilation retaining CO2.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is preparing to discontinue long-term total parenteral nutrition (TPN) therapy for a client. The nurse should plan to discontinue the TPN gradually to reduce the risk of which of the following adverse effects?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Gradual TPN discontinuation prevents hypoglycemia due to sudden cessation of high glucose infusion. Hyperglycemia occurs during TPN, and diarrhea or hypertension are unrelated.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is providing discharge teaching for a client who has HIV. Which of the following information is the priority for the nurse to review with the client?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) is critical for HIV management, making the medication schedule the priority to prevent complications and transmission.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who has increased intracranial pressure (ICP). The nurse should recognize that which of the following is the first sign of deteriorating neurological status?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Altered level of consciousness is the earliest and most sensitive sign of increased ICP, detectable via the Glasgow Coma Scale. Pupillary dilation, decorticate posturing, and Cheyne-Stokes respirations are later signs indicating severe brainstem involvement.