ATI RN
ATI RN Pharmacology Proctored Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is assessing for allergies with a client who is scheduled to receive the influenza vaccine. Which of the following allergies should the nurse report to the provider as a possible contraindication to receiving the vaccine?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Eggs. Influenza vaccines are typically produced using eggs, so individuals with egg allergies may have an allergic reaction to the vaccine. Reporting this allergy to the provider is crucial to avoid potential adverse reactions. Shellfish, peanuts, and milk allergies are not contraindications for receiving the influenza vaccine. Summary: Eggs are the correct answer due to the vaccine production method; shellfish, peanuts, and milk allergies are not relevant in this context.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has a new diagnosis of benign prostate hypertrophy and a prescription for doxazosin. The client tells the nurse, 'I do not take this medication. I would prefer a natural therapy.' Which of the following supplements should the nurse suggest the client discuss with the provider?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Saw palmetto. Saw palmetto is commonly used as a natural remedy for benign prostate hypertrophy due to its potential benefits in reducing symptoms. It works by decreasing inflammation and promoting the shrinkage of the prostate gland. The nurse should suggest discussing saw palmetto with the provider as it aligns with the client's preference for natural therapy.
Choice A: Black cohosh is not typically used for prostate issues but rather for menopausal symptoms in women.
Choice B: Garlic is not specifically indicated for benign prostate hypertrophy and is more commonly known for its cardiovascular benefits.
Choice C: Feverfew is primarily used for migraine headaches and has no direct association with prostate health.
In summary, saw palmetto is the most appropriate supplement to suggest as it targets the client's condition effectively compared to the other options provided.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is taking digoxin to treat heart failure. Which of the following predisposes this client to developing digoxin toxicity?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Taking a high ceiling diuretic. High ceiling diuretics, such as furosemide, can lead to hypokalemia, which increases the risk of digoxin toxicity. Digoxin competes with potassium for binding sites on the Na+/K+-ATPase pump in the heart, so low potassium levels can lead to an increased concentration of digoxin in the body, predisposing the client to toxicity.
Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as they do not directly impact digoxin levels or toxicity. A history of COPD (
B) or a prolapsed mitral valve (
C) do not specifically predispose a client to digoxin toxicity. Taking an HMG CoA reductase inhibitor (
D) does not interact directly with digoxin.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is administering naloxone to a client who has developed an adverse reaction to morphine. The nurse should identify which of the following findings as a therapeutic effect of naloxone?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Increased respiratory rate. Naloxone is an opioid antagonist that works by blocking the effects of opioids, such as morphine. By administering naloxone to the client experiencing an adverse reaction to morphine, the nurse can reverse the respiratory depression caused by the morphine. This reversal leads to an increase in the client's respiratory rate, which is a therapeutic effect of naloxone in this situation.
Incorrect choices:
A: Decreased nausea - Naloxone does not directly address nausea.
B: Increased pain relief - Naloxone does not provide pain relief but reverses the effects of opioids.
C: Decreased blood pressure - Naloxone may lead to an increase in blood pressure due to its effects on reversing opioid-induced respiratory depression.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is reviewing the medical record of a client who has sinusitis and a new prescription for cefuroxime. Which of the following client information is the priority for the nurse to report to the provider?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: The client has a history of a severe penicillin allergy. This is the priority for the nurse to report because cefuroxime belongs to the cephalosporin class of antibiotics, which has a cross-reactivity with penicillins. Individuals with a history of severe penicillin allergy are at an increased risk of also being allergic to cephalosporins like cefuroxime. This can lead to potentially life-threatening allergic reactions. Reporting this information to the provider is crucial to avoid prescribing a medication that could harm the client.
Choice A (BUN of 18 mg/dL) is not directly related to the prescription of cefuroxime for sinusitis.
Choice B (client takes an aspirin daily) is important but not as critical as the potential allergic reaction to cefuroxime.
Choice D (client reports a history of nausea with cefuroxime) is relevant but does not pose an