ATI RN
ATI RN Nursing Care of Children 2019 Questions
Extract:
Infant with severe dehydration due to gastroenteritis
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is assessing an infant who has severe dehydration due to gastroenteritis. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Increased respiratory rate. Severe dehydration leads to hypovolemia, causing the body to compensate by increasing the respiratory rate to maintain oxygen levels. Hypertension (
A) is unlikely due to decreased fluid volume. Increased urine output (
B) is not expected in dehydration. Capillary refill of 2 seconds (
C) indicates good perfusion, which is not expected in severe dehydration.
Therefore, the correct answer is D as it reflects the body's compensatory mechanism in response to dehydration.
Extract:
Adolescent requesting testing for STIs
Question 2 of 5
A nurse in the emergency department is caring for an adolescent who is requesting testing for STIs. Which of the following actions is appropriate for the nurse to take?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Request verbal consent from the client. In this scenario, the adolescent is seeking testing for STIs, indicating they are seeking care independently. Verbal consent is appropriate as it respects the client's autonomy and confidentiality. Contacting the client's parents (
B) may breach confidentiality and deter the adolescent from seeking care. Postponing testing until parents are present (
C) can delay essential care. Written consent (
D) may not be necessary for this type of testing and could be overly burdensome. Overall, option A aligns with ethical principles of autonomy and confidentiality, ensuring the adolescent's right to make decisions about their health.
Extract:
2-year-old client weighing 10 kg receiving amoxicillin 80 mg/kg/day
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer amoxicillin 80 mg/kg/day divided into two doses daily to a 2-year-old client who weighs 10 kg (22 lb). Available is amoxicillin suspension 400 mg/5 mL. How many mL of amoxicillin should the nurse administer per dose?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale:
To calculate the correct dosage, first, find the total daily dose: 80 mg/kg/day x 10 kg = 800 mg/day. Since the dose is divided into two, each dose is 400 mg. Next, convert 400 mg to mL using the concentration of the suspension: 400 mg / 400 mg/5 mL = 5 mL.
Therefore, the nurse should administer 8 mL per dose. Option A (2 mL) is too low, Option B (4 mL) is half the correct dose, and Option D (16 mL) is double the correct dose. Option C (8 mL) is the correct answer based on the calculation.
Extract:
Child with osteomyelitis
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is planning care for a child who has osteomyelitis. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan of care?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Maintain a patent intravenous catheter. In osteomyelitis, intravenous antibiotics are crucial to treat the infection. Maintaining a patent IV catheter ensures continuous administration of antibiotics. Contact precautions (choice
A) are not necessary as osteomyelitis is not transmitted person to person. A high-calorie, low-protein diet (choice
C) is not indicated as protein is essential for tissue repair. Encouraging physical activity (choice
D) may exacerbate the condition by causing stress on the affected bone.
Extract:
Preschooler postoperative following a tonsillectomy
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a preschooler who is postoperative following a tonsillectomy. The child is now ready to resume oral intake. Which of the following dietary choices should the nurse offer the child?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Sugar-free cherry gelatin. This choice is appropriate because it is a clear, non-acidic, and cold food, which can help soothe the child's throat post-tonsillectomy. Clear liquids are recommended initially to prevent trauma to the surgical site. Chocolate milk (
A) contains dairy and may be too thick, potentially causing discomfort. Vanilla ice cream (
B) is dairy-based and may be too cold and thick. Lime-flavored ice pop (
D) is acidic and may irritate the surgical site.