ATI RN
ATI RN Pediatric Nursing 2023 Exam 3 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is assessing a school-age child who has heart failure and is taking furosemide. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as an indication that the medication is effective?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: A decrease in peripheral edema. Furosemide is a diuretic that helps the body eliminate excess fluid and sodium, reducing fluid overload and edema in heart failure. Monitoring peripheral edema is crucial as a decrease indicates that the medication is effectively reducing fluid retention.
A: An increase in potassium levels is a potential side effect of furosemide due to potassium loss with diuresis.
C: A decrease in cardiac output would be an adverse effect of heart failure worsening, not an indication of furosemide effectiveness.
D: An increase in venous pressure would suggest worsening heart failure and ineffective furosemide therapy.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is reviewing safety measures with a group of parents to prevent burn injuries for toddlers. Which of the following safety measures should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Keep electrical wires hidden from view. This is important to prevent toddlers from touching or playing with exposed wires, reducing the risk of electrical burns. Hiding wires helps ensure a safe environment.
Incorrect Answers:
A: Setting the water heater too high can scald a child, increasing the risk of burns.
C: Encouraging outdoor activities during peak sun hours can lead to sunburn, not burn prevention.
D: Turning pot handles towards the front of the stove can still be accessible to curious toddlers, increasing the risk of burns.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is planning care for a preschooler who has autism spectrum disorder. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Establish a reward system. For children with autism spectrum disorder, establishing a reward system can help reinforce desired behaviors and encourage positive interactions. This intervention is effective in promoting learning and improving behavior. Maintaining extended eye contact (
A) may be overwhelming for a child with autism. Engaging in cooperative play (
C) might be challenging due to difficulties in social interactions. Holding the child during assessments (
D) may cause distress as individuals with autism may have sensory sensitivities.
Extract:
Nurses' Notes: The child's guardian states the child has been unable to sleep recently and has been very irritable. Guardian expresses concern about the child's atopic dermatitis worsening and the child scratching excessively, which results in the areas bleeding. Guardian states the child has a history of allergic rhinitis. Medication Administration Record: Diphenhydramine 10 mg PO 4 times per day, Pimecrolimus 1% cream apply to skin lesions daily. Assessment: Child is alert and responsive, Respiratory rate even and nonlabored at rate of 24/min. No adventitious sounds auscultated. Heart rate 108/min, Generalized small clusters of reddish, scaly patches with lichenifications and depigmentation on the child's bilateral upper and lower extremities.
Question 4 of 5
Which of the following statements should the nurse plan to include in the discharge instructions for the child's guardian? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: A,B,D,F,G
Rationale:
Correct Answer: A, B, D, F, G
Rationale:
A: Cutting and filing fingernails frequently is important to prevent scratching and worsening of lesions.
B: Using a mild detergent helps prevent skin irritation and flare-ups in children with skin conditions.
D: Informing about occasional flare-ups prepares the guardian for potential worsening of the condition.
F: Applying gloves to the child's hands can prevent scratching and spreading of the lesions.
G: Applying emollients after bathing helps maintain skin hydration and reduce dryness, which is beneficial for the child's skin condition.
Summary:
C: Pimecrolimus cream should not be applied thickly without specific instructions from the healthcare provider.
E: The statement about the condition being contagious is not accurate for most skin conditions and can lead to unnecessary fear and stigma.
Extract:
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a parent of a child who has juvenile idiopathic arthritis and a new prescription for prednisone. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Monitor your child for indications of infection. Prednisone is an immunosuppressant medication that can increase the risk of infections. Monitoring for signs of infection such as fever, sore throat, or cough is crucial to prevent complications.
Choice A is incorrect because abruptly stopping prednisone can lead to withdrawal symptoms.
Choice B is incorrect as prednisone can cause low potassium levels, so limiting potassium-rich foods is not necessary.
Choice C is incorrect as prednisone may affect growth but not necessarily stimulate a growth spurt.