ATI RN
ATI RN Pediatric Nursing 2023 Exam 3 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is assessing a preschool-age child who is in the immediate postoperative period following a tonsillectomy. Which of the following assessment findings is the priority?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A. The child's throat pain increasing is expected post-tonsillectomy and can be managed with pain medication. While important to address, it is not the priority in this situation. B. The child refusing clear liquids may indicate discomfort or difficulty swallowing, but it is not as immediately concerning as other assessment findings. C. The child crying often may be a response to pain or discomfort but does not indicate a physiological problem requiring immediate attention. D. The child swallowing frequently is a priority finding because it could indicate bleeding, which is a significant complication after tonsillectomy and requires immediate intervention to prevent further complications or deterioration in the child's condition.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse on a pediatric unit is caring for four children. The nurse should use droplet precautions for which of the following children?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A. Pediculosis capitis (head lice) does not require droplet precautions. B. Viral conjunctivitis is typically transmitted through contact precautions rather than droplet precautions. C. Seasonal influenza is transmitted via respiratory droplets, necessitating droplet precautions to prevent transmission. D. Hepatitis A is transmitted via the fecal-oral route and does not require droplet precautions.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is teaching the guardian of a newborn about how to prepare their 3-year-old child to meet their new sibling. Which of the following statements should the nurse make?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A. While preparing the 3-year-old child for changes in routines is important, it is too general. Providing specific strategies like role-playing with a doll would be more helpful. B. Providing a doll for the 3-year-old child to imitate parental behaviors is an effective way to help them understand and adjust to the new sibling's arrival. This encourages a sense of involvement and can help alleviate feelings of jealousy or displacement. C. While telling the 3-year-old child about having a new playmate is positive, it does not offer concrete strategies for preparing the child for the new sibling's arrival. D. Waiting for the newborn to come home before moving the 3-year-old child from the crib to a bed may not be necessary. The transition from crib to bed can be independent of the newborn's arrival and should be based on the child's readiness.
Extract:
History and Physical: Infant was full-term at birth. Birth weight was 3.5 kg (7.7 lb). Infant is not gaining weight as expected. One week ago at outpatient visit, weight was 3.6 kg (7.9 lb). Parent reports for past 2 days infant is breathing faster during feedings and does not finish feedings. Parent also reports decreased appetite and puffiness around the infant's eyes. Parent states that the last wet diaper was about 10 hr ago. Infant admitted for diagnostic evaluation, failure to thrive, and nutritional/fluid support. Vital Signs: Admission: Temperature 37.7° C (99.9° F), Heart rate 174/min while sleeping, Respiratory rate 72/min while sleeping. Assessment: Respirations: Tachypneic with moderate retractions and nasal flaring. Upon auscultation, crackles heard in all lung fields. No nasal drainage noted. Dry cough noted periodically. Skin: Pallor, scalp is diaphoretic, lower extremities are cool to touch. Cardiac: Tachycardic, regular rhythm, no murmur is heard. Peripheral pulses are full and bounding in the upper extremities and weak bilateral pedal pulses are noted. Fluids: Mucous membranes are slightly dry and pink. Skin turgor is slightly decreased. Capillary refill is 3 seconds. Noted periorbital edema and nonpitting edema of feet. Anterior fontanel is soft and slightly depressed. Diaper remains dry. Abdomen: Soft, full, round, bowel sounds are present and active. Blood pressure in right upper extremity 60/39 mm Hg, Oxygen saturation 90%
Question 4 of 5
Complete the diagram by dragging from the choices below to specify what condition the client is most likely experiencing, 2 actions the nurse should take to address that condition, and 2 parameters the nurse should monitor to assess the client's progress.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Condition: C. Congestive heart failure - The infant's symptoms of poor weight gain, tachypnea, decreased appetite, and periorbital edema are indicative of congestive heart failure. Actions: A. Anticipate a prescription for digoxin - Digoxin is commonly prescribed to manage congestive heart failure in infants by improving cardiac contractility and reducing heart rate. B. Elevate the head of the bed to a 45° angle - This helps reduce venous return to the heart, decreasing preload and relieving symptoms of congestion. Parameters: B. Intake and output - Monitoring fluid balance is crucial in congestive heart failure to assess for volume overload. D. Presence of periorbital edema - Persistent edema indicates ongoing fluid retention, a key sign to monitor treatment effectiveness.
Extract:
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is postoperative following placement of a halo vest to manage a cervical vertebral fracture. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A. Encouraging flexion and extension of the neck is contraindicated in a client with a halo vest to prevent further injury to the cervical spine. B. Repositioning the client using a turning sheet helps to maintain proper alignment and prevent complications such as pressure ulcers. C. Assessing the pin sites for infection should be done daily, not once every other day, to monitor for signs of infection. D. Tightening the screws on the halo device should be done as prescribed by the healthcare provider and typically does not occur every 48 hours.