ATI RN
ATI Clinical Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is assessing a patient who has schizophrenia and is taking aripiprazole. The nurse should notify the provider of which of the following findings? Which finding should the nurse report for aripiprazole?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Muscle stiffness. Aripiprazole is an atypical antipsychotic that can cause extrapyramidal symptoms, including muscle stiffness. This side effect can be a sign of a serious condition called neuroleptic malignant syndrome. The nurse should report this finding promptly to the provider for further evaluation and management. Constipation (
A), weight gain (
B), and insomnia (
C) are common side effects of aripiprazole but are not as urgent or indicative of a potentially serious condition compared to muscle stiffness.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a patient who is receiving heparin by continuous IV infusion. Which of the following medications should the nurse plan to administer in the event of an overdose? Which medication should the nurse administer for heparin overdose?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Protamine. Protamine is the antidote for heparin overdose. It works by binding to heparin, neutralizing its anticoagulant effects. Vitamin K (choice
A) is used to reverse the effects of warfarin, not heparin. Iron (choice
B) is used to treat iron deficiency anemia. Glucagon (choice
C) is used to treat hypoglycemia. In summary, protamine is specifically indicated for heparin overdose due to its ability to neutralize heparin's anticoagulant effects, making it the appropriate choice in this scenario.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer furosemide 40 mg IV. Available is furosemide 10 mg/1 mL. How many mL should the nurse administer per dose? How many mL of furosemide should the nurse administer?
Correct Answer: 4
Rationale: The correct answer is 4 mL.
To determine this, the nurse uses the formula: Desired dose (40 mg) ÷ Stock strength (10 mg/1 mL) = mL to administer. Thus, 40 mg ÷ 10 mg/1 mL = 4 mL. This calculation ensures the proper dosage is given. Other choices are incorrect because they do not follow the correct dosage calculation based on the given information.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse in the emergency department is caring for a patient who was injured in a motor-vehicle crash. The patient reports dyspnea and severe pain. The nurse notes that the patient's chest moves inward during inspiration and bulges out during expiration. The nurse should identify this finding as which of the following? What condition is indicated by paradoxical chest movement?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Flail chest. Flail chest is characterized by a segment of the rib cage that moves independently due to multiple rib fractures. The paradoxical chest movement, where the chest moves inward during inspiration and bulges out during expiration, is a classic sign of flail chest. This occurs due to the loss of stability in the rib cage, leading to ineffective breathing mechanics.
Incorrect answers:
B: Hemothorax - This is the accumulation of blood in the pleural cavity, which would not cause paradoxical chest movement.
C: Atelectasis - Atelectasis is the collapse of lung tissue, which would not result in paradoxical chest movement.
D: Pneumothorax - Pneumothorax is the presence of air in the pleural space, which typically causes chest pain and shortness of breath but does not result in paradoxical chest movement.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a 3-year-old child who has had 160 mL of urine output over the past 8-hour period. The child weighs 33 lb. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? What should the nurse do for low urine output?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Continue to monitor the client. In a 3-year-old child, the average expected urine output is about 1-2 ml/kg/hour. Given the child's weight of 33 lb (approximately 15 kg), the expected urine output over 8 hours would be around 120-240 ml. The child's output of 160 ml falls within this expected range, indicating adequate hydration.
Therefore, the nurse should continue monitoring the client for any changes.
Incorrect choices:
A: Notifying the provider is not necessary as the urine output is within the expected range.
C: Performing a bladder scan is not indicated as there is no indication of urinary retention.
D: Providing oral rehydration fluids is not necessary since the child's urine output is adequate.