ATI RN
ATI RN Fundamentals Online Practice 2023 B Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is assessing a patient’s ability to use a walking cane.Which of the following observations would indicate that the patient is using the cane correctly?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because the patient should hold the cane on the side of their body that is stronger. This helps to provide the necessary support and stability while walking. Holding the cane on the stronger side allows the patient to shift weight and balance effectively.
Choice A is incorrect because the top of the cane should be at the level of the greater trochanter, not the waist.
Choice B is incorrect because the distance the cane is advanced is not a determining factor for correct cane use.
Choice D is incorrect because the patient should move the weaker leg forward with the cane to provide support and stability.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is conducting a Romberg test as part of a patient’s physical assessment. Which of the following methods should the nurse employ?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Have the patient stand with their arms at their sides and their feet together. During a Romberg test, the patient is asked to stand with their feet together and arms at their sides to assess their ability to maintain balance with eyes closed. This position challenges the patient's proprioception and vestibular system. This test helps to evaluate the patient's sensory and motor systems, specifically the cerebellum and proprioceptive pathways.
Incorrect choices:
A:
Touch the patient's face with a cotton ball - This does not assess balance or proprioception.
B: Apply a vibrating tuning fork to the patient's forehead - This tests for cranial nerve function, not balance.
D: Perform direct percussion over the area of the kidneys - This is unrelated to the Romberg test and assesses kidney function, not balance.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a patient who needs a nasogastric (NG) tube for stomach decompression. Which of the following steps should the nurse take when inserting the NG tube?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale:
Correct
Answer: D - Encourage the patient to take sips of water to facilitate the insertion of the NG tube into the esophagus.
Rationale: Encouraging the patient to take sips of water helps lubricate the esophagus and aids in the passage of the NG tube smoothly. This technique can reduce discomfort and resistance during insertion.
Summary:
A: Positioning the patient with the head of the bed elevated is important for NG tube insertion, but it is not the immediate step during the process.
B: Removing the NG tube if the patient gags or chokes is incorrect; these are common reactions and do not necessarily indicate a need for removal.
C: Applying suction before insertion is unnecessary and can cause discomfort to the patient.
Question 4 of 5
A patient reports abdominal pain.An abdominal x-ray indicates a large amount of fecal material throughout the colon, but no evidence of gastrointestinal obstruction is observed.Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Administer a cleansing enema. This is the appropriate action because the large amount of fecal material in the colon indicates constipation. Administering a cleansing enema can help relieve the constipation by softening and loosening the stool, making it easier for the patient to pass. This intervention is non-invasive and can be effective in resolving the patient's abdominal pain.
Choice A is incorrect because the patient already has fecal material throughout the colon, so positioning alone may not be sufficient to alleviate the symptoms.
Choice B is incorrect as a chest x-ray would not provide relevant information for the patient's abdominal pain.
Choice D is incorrect because a manual digital examination is not indicated without further assessment or suspicion of a specific rectal issue.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a patient who has herpes zoster and is inquiring about the use of complementary and alternative therapies.Which of the following actions should the nurse take to reduce the patient’s risk of developing plantar flexion contractures?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Apply an ankle-foot orthotic device to the patient's feet. This option is the most appropriate because an ankle-foot orthotic device helps maintain proper alignment of the foot and ankle, preventing plantar flexion contractures. Placing a pillow under the patient's knees (option
A) may provide comfort but does not address the contracture risk. Positioning trochanter rolls under the hips (option
B) is used for hip alignment, not foot contractures. Advising the patient to wear rubber-soled slippers (option
C) is focused on preventing falls, not contractures. Applying an ankle-foot orthotic device directly addresses the risk of plantar flexion contractures by providing support and maintaining proper alignment of the feet.