ATI RN
ATI RN Pharmacology Proctored Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who reports taking over-the-counter antacids. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as a manifestation of hypercalcemia?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Constipation. Hypercalcemia can result from excessive intake of antacids containing calcium carbonate. High levels of calcium in the blood can lead to constipation due to its inhibitory effect on smooth muscle contraction in the intestinal tract. Decreased urine output (choice
B) is more indicative of dehydration or renal issues. Positive Trousseau's sign (choice
C) is associated with hypocalcemia, not hypercalcemia. Headache (choice
D) is a nonspecific symptom and not a typical manifestation of hypercalcemia.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is to receive potassium replacement. The provider's prescription reads, 'Potassium chloride 30 mEq in 0.9% sodium chloride 100 mL IV over 30 min.' Which of the following reasons should the nurse clarify this prescription with the provider?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
Correct
Answer: B
Rationale:
1. Potassium chloride infusion rate should not exceed 10 mEq/hr to prevent hyperkalemia and cardiac arrhythmias.
2. In this case, 30 mEq in 100 mL over 30 min exceeds the safe rate.
3. Clarification is needed to adjust the infusion rate to avoid potential harm.
4. Other choices are incorrect as dextrose dilution, different formulations, and IV bolus are not the primary concerns.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is monitoring laboratory values for a client who has chronic heart failure and is receiving digoxin. Which of the following values should the nurse report to the provider?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Potassium 2.9 mEq/L. Low potassium levels can predispose the client to digoxin toxicity, leading to potentially life-threatening arrhythmias. Hypokalemia increases the risk of digoxin binding to cardiac tissue, enhancing its toxic effects. The nurse should report this value to the provider immediately for prompt intervention to prevent complications.
Incorrect
Choices:
A: Sodium 1.38 mEq/dL - Low sodium levels are not directly related to digoxin toxicity.
B: Magnesium 1.5 mEq/L - While magnesium levels are important for cardiac function, they are not as directly linked to digoxin toxicity as potassium.
C: BUN level 10 mg/dL - BUN levels are not specific indicators of digoxin toxicity.
Summary: Potassium levels are crucial to monitor in clients taking digoxin due to the risk of toxicity. Sodium, magnesium, and BUN levels are important but not as
Question 4 of 5
A client who has active tuberculosis and is taking rifampin reports that his urine and sweat have developed a red tinge. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Rationale for Correct Answer (
C): Document this as an expected finding. Rifampin is known to cause harmless discoloration of bodily fluids like urine and sweat. This is a common side effect and does not indicate any serious issues. The nurse should document this finding to track the client's response to the medication and educate the client about it.
Summary of Incorrect
Choices:
A: Checking liver function test results is not necessary for the red discoloration caused by rifampin.
B: Increasing fluid intake will not resolve the red tinge as it is a known side effect of rifampin.
D: Dialysis is not indicated for the harmless discoloration caused by rifampin.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse accidentally administers the medication metformin instead of metoprolol to a client. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Check the client's glucose level. Metformin is a medication used to treat diabetes, so administering it instead of metoprolol could lead to hypoglycemia. Checking the client's glucose level will help determine if the client is experiencing low blood sugar levels due to the medication error. Monitoring thyroid function (
A), collecting uric acid levels (
B), and obtaining HDL levels (
C) are not relevant in this situation and would not address the immediate concern of potential hypoglycemia.