ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology 2023 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who received the measles, mumps, and rubella virus vaccine. Which of the following findings indicates an adverse reaction to the vaccination?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Petechiae. Petechiae are small red or purple spots on the skin caused by bleeding under the skin. This can indicate a potential adverse reaction to the vaccine, such as a bleeding disorder. The other choices, bradycardia, tinnitus, and blurred vision, are not commonly associated with adverse reactions to the measles, mumps, and rubella vaccine. Bradycardia is a slow heart rate, tinnitus is ringing in the ears, and blurred vision may have other causes unrelated to the vaccination.
Therefore, choice B is the most relevant and concerning finding in this scenario.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who has septic shock and is receiving dopamine by continuous IV infusion. Which of the following findings indicates that the nurse should increase the rate of infusion?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Hypotension. In septic shock, hypotension is a common sign of inadequate tissue perfusion. Dopamine is a vasopressor that helps increase blood pressure by constricting blood vessels.
Therefore, if the client is still hypotensive despite receiving dopamine, it indicates that the current infusion rate is not sufficient to maintain adequate perfusion. Increasing the infusion rate can help improve blood pressure and perfusion.
Incorrect choices:
A: Headache - Not a direct indication of dopamine infusion rate adjustment.
C: Chest pain - Not a direct indication of dopamine infusion rate adjustment.
D: Extravasation - Indicates leakage of medication from the IV site, not a need to adjust infusion rate.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is taking digoxin to treat heart failure. Which of the following factors predisposes this client to developing digoxin toxicity?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Taking a high-ceiling diuretic. High-ceiling diuretics, like furosemide, can lead to hypokalemia by increasing potassium excretion, which can potentiate the risk of digoxin toxicity as digoxin competes with potassium for binding sites on the myocardial cell membrane.
Therefore, when a client is taking digoxin along with a high-ceiling diuretic, the risk of digoxin toxicity increases. The other choices, B, C, and D, do not directly predispose the client to digoxin toxicity. HMG COA reductase inhibitors are used to lower cholesterol levels and do not interact with digoxin. COPD and a prolapsed mitral valve are unrelated to the risk of digoxin toxicity.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who has started taking theophylline. Which of the following client findings should indicate to the nurse that the medication is effective?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Decreased wheezing. Theophylline is a bronchodilator used to treat respiratory conditions like asthma by relaxing the muscles in the airways. When theophylline is effective, it helps to open up the airways, leading to decreased wheezing. This indicates improved airflow and better respiratory function. Increased blood pressure (
A) is not a direct indication of theophylline effectiveness. Decreased urine output (
C) could suggest dehydration or kidney issues, not necessarily related to theophylline. Increased level of consciousness (
D) is a general assessment parameter and not specific to theophylline effectiveness.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is developing a teaching plan for an older adult client who has a new prescription for insulin glargine. Which of the following expected outcomes should the nurse include in the plan?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: The client will wear his reading glasses when drawing up a dose of insulin glargine. This is important to ensure accurate dosage measurement and injection technique, preventing medication errors. Option A is incorrect as insulin glargine is usually given once daily, not before each meal. Option B is incorrect because the deltoid muscle is not a recommended site for insulin injection due to inconsistent absorption. Option C is incorrect as additional doses should not be taken without consulting healthcare provider. Option D is correct as it emphasizes safety and accuracy in insulin administration.