ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology 2023 III Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who is taking phenelzine and reports eating aged cheese. Which of the following is a manifestation of an interaction between the medication and the food?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Hypertension. Phenelzine is a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) that can interact with tyramine-rich foods like aged cheese, leading to a hypertensive crisis. Tyramine in aged cheese can displace norepinephrine from nerve terminals, causing a sudden increase in blood pressure.
A: Somnolence is a common side effect of phenelzine but is not directly related to the interaction with aged cheese.
B: Diarrhea is not a typical manifestation of the interaction between phenelzine and aged cheese.
C: Bradycardia is not associated with the interaction between phenelzine and aged cheese; it is more commonly seen with other medications or conditions.
E, F, G: No further choices provided.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer a medication to a client for the first time and needs to know about potential food and medication interactions. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Consult a drug reference guide for possible interactions. This is the best course of action because drug reference guides provide comprehensive information on potential interactions between medications and food. They are reliable sources for healthcare professionals to ensure safe administration.
Choice A: Having the client take the medication on an empty stomach may not always prevent interactions and could potentially lead to adverse effects.
Choice C: Relying solely on another nurse's knowledge may not be sufficient, as medication interactions can be complex and require specific expertise.
Choice D: Checking the client's medical record is important but may not provide real-time information on potential interactions. It is best to consult a drug reference guide for the most up-to-date information.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is providing teaching to a client about how to self-administer subcutaneous injections of enoxaparin. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
1. Remove the air bubble to avoid injecting air into the bloodstream, which can cause harm.
2. After drawing up the correct dose, flick the syringe to move any air bubbles to the top, and then push the plunger to expel the air.
3. Inject the medication slowly at a 45 to 90-degree angle into the fatty tissue of the abdomen or thigh.
4. Pinch the skin fold and insert the needle. After injecting, release the skin fold.
5. Avoid rubbing the site to prevent irritation and bruising.
Summary:
- B: Rubbing the site can cause irritation and bruising.
- C: Injections are typically given in the abdomen or thigh, not specifically the lateral thigh.
- D: Releasing the skin fold after injecting is correct, not before.
- E, F, G: No additional options provided.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer a medication to a client. Using the rights of medication administration. Which of the following actions should the nurse take to ensure the right medication is administered to the client?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Use two client identifiers prior to administering the medication. This is crucial to ensure the right medication is given to the right client. By using two identifiers (such as name and date of birth), the nurse verifies the client's identity accurately. This step helps prevent medication errors and ensures patient safety.
Option A is not as effective as it does not directly verify the client's identity. Option B involves verifying the written order but does not confirm the client's identity. Option D is after administration and does not prevent errors.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who has septic shock and is receiving dopamine by continuous IV infusion. Which of the following findings indicates that the nurse should increase the rate of infusion?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Hypotension. In septic shock, the body's blood pressure drops significantly, leading to hypotension. Dopamine is a vasopressor that helps increase blood pressure by constricting blood vessels.
Therefore, if the client's blood pressure remains low despite being on dopamine, it indicates that the current rate of infusion is not sufficient to maintain adequate perfusion to vital organs. Increasing the rate of infusion would help improve blood pressure and perfusion.
Choices A, C, and D are incorrect as they are not directly related to the need for increasing the dopamine infusion rate in septic shock.