ATI RN
ATI RN Pharmacology 2023 IV Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who is taking combination oral contraceptives. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider immediately?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Leg tenderness. This finding could indicate deep vein thrombosis (DVT), a serious side effect of oral contracepters. DVT can lead to life-threatening complications like pulmonary embolism. Cramps, abdominal bloating, and nausea are common side effects of oral contraceptives and not typically urgent. Leg tenderness is a red flag for DVT and requires immediate attention to prevent complications.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a new prescription for phenelzine. Which of the following foods should the nurse instruct the client to avoid?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Cheddar cheese. Phenelzine is a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) that interacts with tyramine-rich foods, such as aged cheeses like cheddar. Tyramine can cause dangerously high blood pressure levels when combined with MAOIs. Sweet potatoes, orange juice, and canned tuna do not contain high levels of tyramine and are safe to consume with phenelzine.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has a life-threatening ventricular dysrhythmia. Which of the following medications should the nurse anticipate administering?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Amiodarone. Amiodarone is an antiarrhythmic medication commonly used to treat life-threatening ventricular dysrhythmias. It works by prolonging the action potential duration and refractory period of cardiac muscle cells, thereby stabilizing the heart's electrical activity. Digoxin (
A) is not typically used for ventricular dysrhythmias. Dopamine (
B) is a vasopressor used for hypotension, not dysrhythmias. Verapamil (
C) is a calcium channel blocker, which is contraindicated in ventricular dysrhythmias.
Therefore, the nurse should anticipate administering amiodarone to treat the client's life-threatening ventricular dysrhythmia.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer dextrose 5% in water 500 mL over 12 hr to a client. The nurse should set the IV pump to deliver how many mL/hr?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: 42 mL/hr.
To calculate the IV pump rate, divide the total volume to be infused by the total time in hours (500 mL ÷ 12 hr = 41.67, rounded to 42 mL/hr). This ensures a consistent and accurate delivery of dextrose over the prescribed duration.
Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as they do not result from the correct calculation. It's important to calculate the IV pump rate precisely to prevent under or over-infusion, which can lead to potential harm to the client.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer a medication to a client when they discover that the wrong medication was dispensed by the pharmacy. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: File a report with the facility to document the incident as a near miss medication error. This action is crucial for patient safety and quality improvement. By documenting the incident as a near miss, the facility can investigate the root cause, implement preventive measures, and prevent future errors. Informing the client (
A) may cause unnecessary distress. Contacting the prescribing provider (
B) is important but should be done after reporting to the facility. Writing in the client's medical record (
C) is not sufficient for proper reporting.
Choices E, F, and G are not relevant to the situation.