ATI RN
ATI RN Adult Medical Surgical 2023 Questions Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who is postoperative following a transurethral resection of the prostate and is receiving continuous bladder irrigation. The client reports bladder spasms, and the nurse notes a scant amount of fluid in the urinary drainage bag, which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Use 0.9% sodium chloride to perform an intermittent bladder irrigation. In this scenario, the client is experiencing bladder spasms and a scant amount of fluid in the drainage bag, indicating a potential blockage or clot in the catheter. Performing an intermittent bladder irrigation with 0.9% sodium chloride can help to clear the catheter and improve urine flow. This intervention helps prevent further complications such as urinary retention or infection. Encouraging the client to unseat or applying a cold compress may not address the underlying issue of catheter blockage. Securing the catheter to the upper left quadrant does not directly address the current problem and may not improve urine flow.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is providing teaching for a client who is taking isoniazid (INH) for tuberculosis. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: "I will have my liver function tested while I am taking this medication." This is the correct answer because isoniazid (INH) is known to potentially cause liver toxicity. Monitoring liver function tests is crucial to detect any signs of liver damage early.
Choice A is incorrect as INH treatment for tuberculosis typically lasts 6-9 months, not just 1 week.
Choice B is incorrect because antacids can decrease the absorption of INH.
Choice C is incorrect as INH does not typically cause an increase in blood pressure.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has left-sided heart failure. Which of the following findings should indicate to the nurse that the client is experiencing a decrease in cardiac output?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Dyspnea. In left-sided heart failure, the heart is unable to pump efficiently, leading to a decrease in cardiac output. Dyspnea (shortness of breath) occurs due to the accumulation of fluid in the lungs (pulmonary congestion), indicating decreased cardiac output. Weight gain (
A) and distended abdomen (
B) are more indicative of right-sided heart failure. Confusion (
C) can be a sign of decreased cerebral perfusion, but dyspnea is a more direct indicator of decreased cardiac output in left-sided heart failure.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is planning care for a client who has a new diagnosis of acute pancreatitis. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan of care?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Maintain the client on NPO status. In acute pancreatitis, the pancreas is inflamed, and digestion should be minimized to reduce pancreatic enzyme secretion. Keeping the client on NPO status allows the pancreas to rest and reduces stimulation of enzyme production. Administering antihypertensive medications (
A) is not directly related to pancreatitis care. Placing the client in a supine position (
C) may not be comfortable and can exacerbate pain. Monitoring for hypercalcemia (
D) is important in chronic pancreatitis but not typically a priority in acute cases.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is planning care for a client who has developed nephrotic syndrome. Which of the following dietary recommendations should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Decrease protein intake. Nephrotic syndrome causes protein loss through urine, leading to hypoalbuminemia and edema. Decreasing protein intake can help reduce proteinuria and decrease the workload on the kidneys. Increasing phosphorus intake (
A) can worsen kidney function. Decreasing carbohydrate intake (
B) is not directly related to managing nephrotic syndrome. Increasing potassium intake (
D) is not recommended as it can lead to hyperkalemia in individuals with kidney issues.