ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology Final Exam I Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who is lethargic, unconscious, and difficult to arouse. The client's blood sugar result was 40 mg/dL. The nurse anticipates which of the following to be administered?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: IV dextrose 50%. A blood sugar level of 40 mg/dL indicates severe hypoglycemia, requiring immediate intervention to raise blood sugar levels. IV dextrose 50% is the most appropriate choice as it provides a rapid increase in blood glucose levels. Orange juice (choice
A) and glucose tablets (choice
D) are not ideal in this scenario as the client is unconscious and may not be able to safely ingest these orally. Epinephrine (choice
B) is not indicated for hypoglycemia and could be harmful in this situation.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client with full hearing loss. What should the nurse recommend for the home environment?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Install flashing lights for alarms. This recommendation is appropriate because the client with full hearing loss will not be able to hear auditory alarms. Flashing lights provide a visual alert that the client can see and respond to. Option A is incorrect as it may not be feasible or necessary for the client to move in with someone else. Option B is not relevant to addressing the client's hearing loss. Option C does not address the client's inability to hear alarms. Installing flashing lights for alarms is the most practical and effective solution to ensure the client's safety and awareness in the home environment.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse received a client who has had multiple episodes of pneumonia in the past year. What intervention is a PRIORITY for this client before starting treatment?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Sputum culture and sensitivity. This is crucial to identify the specific pathogen causing pneumonia and determine the most effective antibiotic treatment. It helps in targeting the infection accurately, reducing the risk of antibiotic resistance. Urinalysis (
B) and a rapid Strep test (
C) are not relevant for pneumonia diagnosis. While a Chest X-ray (
D) is important for confirming pneumonia, identifying the pathogen through sputum culture takes precedence for tailored treatment.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who has a stage 2 pressure injury. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because stage 2 pressure injuries involve partial thickness skin loss with red tissue in the wound bed. This stage typically presents as a shallow open ulcer with a pink/red wound bed.
Choice A is incorrect as intact skin with localized erythema indicates a Stage 1 pressure injury.
Choice B is incorrect as full thickness skin loss with visible adipose tissue is characteristic of a Stage 3 pressure injury.
Choice D is incorrect as full thickness skin loss with visible bone is indicative of a Stage 4 pressure injury, which is not described in the question stem.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who sustained blood loss. Which is a manifestation of hypovolemia?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Weak pulse. Hypovolemia, or low blood volume, leads to decreased circulating blood volume, resulting in a weak pulse due to reduced blood flow. Dyspnea (
A) is more commonly associated with respiratory issues. Increased blood pressure (
B) is unlikely in hypovolemia as blood volume is decreased. Decreased heart rate (
D) is not a typical manifestation of hypovolemia, as the body may try to compensate by increasing heart rate to maintain adequate perfusion.