ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology 2023 III Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who has started taking theophylline. Which of the following client findings should indicate to the nurse that the medication is effective?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Decreased wheezing. Theophylline is a bronchodilator used to treat respiratory conditions like asthma or COPD by relaxing the muscles in the airways, reducing wheezing. Decreased wheezing indicates improved airflow and lung function, demonstrating the medication's effectiveness. Increased blood pressure (
A) is not a common effect of theophylline and may indicate a potential adverse reaction. Decreased urine output (
C) is not a typical indicator of theophylline effectiveness and could signify dehydration or kidney issues. Increased level of consciousness (
D) is not directly related to theophylline's action on the respiratory system.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer a scheduled dose of warfarin to a client. Which of the following laboratory tests should the nurse review prior to administration?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: PT (Prothrombin Time). PT is used to monitor warfarin therapy as it measures the extrinsic pathway of the clotting process, which warfarin affects. Monitoring PT helps ensure the client is within the therapeutic range to prevent bleeding or clotting complications.
Total iron-binding capacity (
B) is unrelated to warfarin therapy. WBC (
C) is a white blood cell count, not relevant for warfarin monitoring. PTT (
D) is used to monitor heparin therapy, not warfarin.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer a medication to a client for the first time and needs to know about potential food and medication interactions. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Consult a drug reference guide for possible interactions. This is the best course of action because drug reference guides provide comprehensive information on potential interactions between medications and food. They are reliable sources for healthcare professionals to ensure safe administration.
Choice A: Having the client take the medication on an empty stomach may not always prevent interactions and could potentially lead to adverse effects.
Choice C: Relying solely on another nurse's knowledge may not be sufficient, as medication interactions can be complex and require specific expertise.
Choice D: Checking the client's medical record is important but may not provide real-time information on potential interactions. It is best to consult a drug reference guide for the most up-to-date information.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer cefazolin 1 g in 0.9% sodium chloride 100 ml- via intermittent IV bolus over 30 min. The drop factor of the manual IV tubing is I5 gtt/mL. The nurse should set the manual IV infusion to deliver how many gtt/min? (Round the answer to the nearest whole number. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: 50 gtt/min.
To calculate the IV infusion rate, we first convert 30 minutes to seconds (30 min x 60 sec/min = 1800 sec).
Then, we use the formula: (Volume to infuse in ml / time in seconds) x drop factor = gtt/min. Substituting the values, we get (100 ml / 1800 sec) x 15 gtt/ml = 0.833 gtt/sec. Since we need the answer in gtt/min, we convert 0.833 gtt/sec to gtt/min by multiplying by 60, resulting in 49.98 gtt/min, which rounds up to 50 gtt/min. This is the correct rate for administering cefazolin over 30 minutes. Other choices are incorrect because they do not yield the appropriate infusion rate based on the calculations.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for captopril. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Exercise caution when changing positions. This is important to prevent dizziness and potential falls due to captopril's tendency to lower blood pressure. A: Taking extra potassium can lead to hyperkalemia, a dangerous side effect. B: Monitoring pulse rate is not necessary for captopril. C: Increasing sodium intake contradicts the medication's purpose of lowering blood pressure. E, F, and G are not applicable.