ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology 2023 III Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who has septic shock and is receiving dopamine by continuous IV infusion. Which of the following findings indicates that the nurse should increase the rate of infusion?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Hypotension. In septic shock, the body's blood pressure drops significantly, leading to hypotension. Dopamine is a vasopressor that helps increase blood pressure by constricting blood vessels.
Therefore, if the client's blood pressure remains low despite being on dopamine, it indicates that the current rate of infusion is not sufficient to maintain adequate perfusion to vital organs. Increasing the rate of infusion would help improve blood pressure and perfusion.
Choices A, C, and D are incorrect as they are not directly related to the need for increasing the dopamine infusion rate in septic shock.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client in the post-anesthesia unit who is experiencing malignant hyperthermia. Which of the following prescriptions should the nurse anticipate administering?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Dantrolene. Malignant hyperthermia is a potentially life-threatening condition triggered by certain anesthetics. Dantrolene is the specific antidote for malignant hyperthermia as it works to inhibit calcium release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum, preventing muscle contraction and reducing body temperature. Verapamil (
A) is a calcium channel blocker and not indicated for malignant hyperthermia. Naloxone (
B) is an opioid antagonist used for opioid overdose, not for malignant hyperthermia. Cefazolin (
C) is an antibiotic used for infection, not for malignant hyperthermia.
Therefore, the correct choice is Dantrolene (
D) for treating malignant hyperthermia.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is planning care for a group of clients. Which of the following client's medications should be monitored by the nurse for hearing loss related to a medication interaction?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Furosemide and amikacin. Furosemide is a loop diuretic known to cause ototoxicity, including hearing loss. Amikacin is an aminoglycoside antibiotic also associated with ototoxicity. When combined, they can potentiate each other's ototoxic effects, increasing the risk of hearing loss. Monitoring for any signs of hearing impairment is crucial.
Incorrect choices:
A: Propranolol and raloxifene - These medications are not known to cause hearing loss.
B: Losartan and atorvastatin - These medications are not associated with hearing loss.
D: Digoxin and levothyroxine - These medications are not typically linked to hearing loss.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is reviewing the laboratory data of a client who is receiving filgrastim. Which of the following laboratory values should the nurse monitor to evaluate the effectiveness of the treatment?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: WBC count. Filgrastim is a medication that stimulates the production of white blood cells (WBCs). Monitoring the WBC count is essential to evaluate the effectiveness of the treatment, as an increase in WBC count indicates that the medication is working to boost the immune system. Monitoring potassium level (
A), BUN (
B), and INR (
C) are not directly related to evaluating the effectiveness of filgrastim treatment. Potassium level is typically monitored for cardiac function, BUN for kidney function, and INR for monitoring anticoagulant therapy.
Therefore, the WBC count is the most appropriate laboratory value to assess the response to filgrastim.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is reviewing the list of current medications for a client who has a new prescription for nitroglycerin. The nurse should identify that which of the following client medications is contraindicated for use with nitroglycerin?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Sildenafil. Nitroglycerin and sildenafil both cause vasodilation, leading to a severe drop in blood pressure when taken together, which can result in a life-threatening condition called hypotension. Gemfibrozil, lansoprazole, and diazepam do not have significant interactions with nitroglycerin and are safe to use together. It is important to avoid combining medications that have similar effects on the body to prevent adverse reactions.