ATI RN
ATI RN Pharmacology 2023 II Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who has septic shock and is receiving dopamine by continuous IV infusion. Which of the following findings indicates that the nurse should increase the rate of infusion?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Hypotension. In septic shock, dopamine is used to increase blood pressure. Hypotension indicates that the current dosage is not effectively managing the client's blood pressure, necessitating an increase in the infusion rate to achieve the desired therapeutic effect. Headache (choice
A) is a common side effect of dopamine but does not directly correlate with the need for a dosage increase. Chest pain (choice
C) may indicate other issues but does not specifically warrant a change in dopamine infusion rate. Extravasation (choice
D) refers to the leakage of IV fluid into the surrounding tissue and requires immediate attention but is not directly related to adjusting the infusion rate of dopamine.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer propranolol to a client. Which of the following should the nurse assess prior to administering this medication?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Heart rate. Propranolol is a beta-blocker that primarily works by reducing heart rate and blood pressure. Assessing the client's heart rate before administering the medication is crucial to prevent potential complications such as bradycardia or heart block. Temperature (
A), respiratory rate (
B), and pain level (
C) are not directly related to the action or potential side effects of propranolol.
Therefore, they are not the priority assessments before administering this medication.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who has heart failure and is taking furosemide. Which of the following findings should indicate to the nurse that the client is experiencing fluid volume deficit?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Elevated hematocrit level. When a client is experiencing fluid volume deficit, there is a decrease in circulating blood volume, leading to hemoconcentration. This results in an elevated hematocrit level due to the increased concentration of red blood cells in the blood. A weight gain (
B) would be indicative of fluid volume excess rather than deficit. Shortness of breath (
C) and distended neck veins (
D) are signs of fluid volume overload, not deficit.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who develops an anaphylactic reaction to antibiotic administration. After assessing the client's respiratory status and stopping the medication infusion, which of the following actions should the nurse take next?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Administer epinephrine IM. Epinephrine is the first-line treatment for anaphylactic reactions as it helps to reverse the symptoms rapidly by constricting blood vessels and relaxing airway muscles. It is crucial in preventing further complications such as severe respiratory distress and cardiovascular collapse. Giving diphenhydramine (choice
A) can help with itching or hives but is not as effective in treating the life-threatening symptoms of anaphylaxis. Elevating the client's legs and feet (choice
B) is not the priority in this emergency situation. Replacing the infusion with 0.9% sodium chloride (choice
D) does not address the immediate need to counteract the anaphylactic reaction.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is developing a teaching plan for an older adult client who has a new prescription for insulin glargine. Which of the following expected outcomes should the nurse include in the plan?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: The client will wear his reading glasses when drawing up a dose of insulin glargine. This is important because insulin dosages need to be precise, and using reading glasses ensures accurate measurement, reducing the risk of under- or overdosing. Using the deltoid muscle as an injection site (
A) is not appropriate for insulin glargine, as it should be injected into the subcutaneous tissue of the abdomen, thigh, or upper arm. Administering insulin glargine before each meal (
B) is incorrect as it is a long-acting insulin usually given once daily at the same time. Taking an additional dose prior to exercise (
C) is not necessary and can lead to hypoglycemia.