ATI RN
ATI RN Pharmacology 2023 retake 1 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who has septic shock and is receiving dopamine by continuous IV infusion. Which of the following findings indicates that the nurse should increase the rate of infusion?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Hypotension. In septic shock, patients often experience severe hypotension due to systemic vasodilation. Dopamine, a vasopressor, is used to increase blood pressure by constricting blood vessels.
Therefore, if the patient's blood pressure remains low despite receiving dopamine, it indicates that the current infusion rate is not sufficient. Extravasation (
A) is a potential complication of IV therapy but does not directly indicate the need to increase the infusion rate. Headache (
C) and chest pain (
D) are common symptoms in septic shock but are not specific indicators for adjusting dopamine infusion rate.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a client who will receive total parenteral nutrition (TPN) at home. Which of the following information should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Instruct the client to weigh themselves daily and record their weight. Daily weight monitoring is crucial for clients receiving TPN to assess fluid balance and nutritional status. Weight changes can indicate fluid retention or dehydration. It helps in adjusting TPN formulations accurately.
A: Incorrect. Central line dressings should be changed as per facility protocol, not necessarily every 24 hours.
C: Incorrect. TPN containers need to be changed every 24 hours to prevent bacterial growth.
D: Incorrect. The rate of TPN infusion should not be altered without healthcare provider's recommendation to avoid complications.
E, F, G: N/A
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving diazepam for moderate (conscious) sedation. Which of the following actions should the nurse take to assess for an adverse reaction to the medication?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Monitor the client's oxygen saturation. When a client is receiving diazepam for conscious sedation, respiratory depression is a potential adverse reaction due to the medication's central nervous system depressant effects. Monitoring the client's oxygen saturation helps the nurse assess for any signs of respiratory compromise. This is crucial as early detection can prevent further complications.
Other choices are incorrect because:
A: Monitoring for seizure activity is not a common adverse reaction to diazepam in the context of conscious sedation.
B: Checking urinary output is unrelated to assessing adverse reactions to diazepam.
D: Auscultating bowel sounds is not relevant in assessing adverse reactions to diazepam for conscious sedation.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is planning care for a client who is experiencing opioid toxicity. Which of the following medications should the nurse anticipate administering?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Naloxone. Naloxone is the antidote for opioid toxicity as it competes with opioids for receptor sites in the brain, reversing their effects. Atropine (
B) is used for bradycardia, not opioid toxicity. Midazolam (
C) is a benzodiazepine used for sedation and anxiety, not opioid toxicity. Dexamethasone (
D) is a corticosteroid used for inflammation, not opioid toxicity. In summary, Naloxone is the most appropriate medication for reversing the effects of opioid toxicity.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client whose current bag of total parenteral nutrition (TPN) has finished infusing, and the next bag is not yet available. Which of the following fluids should the nurse prepare to administer?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Dextrose 10% in water. When a TPN bag finishes infusing and the next bag is unavailable, the nurse should administer a dextrose solution to prevent hypoglycemia. Dextrose provides a quick source of energy for the client. Lactated Ringer's (
A) is not appropriate as it does not contain any glucose for energy. 0.45% sodium chloride (
C) and 0.9% sodium chloride (
D) are isotonic solutions and do not provide the necessary glucose.