ATI RN
ATI RN Pharmacology 2023 IV Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who has received oxycodone. The nurse notes that the client's respiratory rate is 8/min. The nurse should identify that which of the following is the pathophysiology for the client's respiratory rate?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Oxycodone causes central nervous system depression. Oxycodone is an opioid that acts on the central nervous system, specifically the brainstem, to depress respiratory drive. This leads to a decrease in respiratory rate. Other choices are incorrect because: A: Oxycodone does not directly inhibit prostaglandin synthesis. C: Oxycodone does not block sodium channels to suspend nerve conduction. D: Oxycodone does not directly promote vasodilation of cranial arteries. In summary, the respiratory depression caused by oxycodone is due to its effect on the central nervous system, not its actions on prostaglandin synthesis, sodium channels, or cranial arteries.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who is taking combination oral contraceptives. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider immediately?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Leg tenderness. This finding could indicate deep vein thrombosis (DVT), a serious side effect of oral contracepters. DVT can lead to life-threatening complications like pulmonary embolism. Cramps, abdominal bloating, and nausea are common side effects of oral contraceptives and not typically urgent. Leg tenderness is a red flag for DVT and requires immediate attention to prevent complications.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer erythromycin 2 g PO daily in equally divided doses every 6 hr. How many mg should the nurse administer per dose?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: 500 mg per dose.
To calculate this, first convert 2 g to mg (1 g = 1000 mg, so 2 g = 2000 mg).
Then, since the dose is to be given every 6 hours, divide the total daily dose (2000 mg) by the number of doses per day (4 doses) to get 500 mg per dose.
Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as they do not align with the correct calculation.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a prescription for total parenteral nutrition (TPN). Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: You will have a central line placed to receive TPN. This is because TPN is a hypertonic solution that requires a central line for administration to prevent complications such as phlebitis or thrombosis in peripheral veins.
Choice A is incorrect because blood sugar monitoring frequency may vary based on individual needs.
Choice B is incorrect as weight monitoring is typically done daily, not twice a week, to monitor for fluid balance.
Choice D is incorrect as intake and output should be closely monitored daily for TPN patients due to the risk of electrolyte imbalances.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is teaching a client who has stable angina and a new prescription for nitroglycerin transdermal patches 0.8 mg/hr daily. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: "I will take the patch off after dinner every night." This statement indicates understanding because nitroglycerin patches are typically worn for 12-14 hours, then removed for a 10-12 hour patch-free period to prevent tolerance. Removing the patch after dinner ensures a suitable time frame for effectiveness without interruption.
Choice B is incorrect because applying a new patch to the same site repeatedly can lead to skin irritation and reduced absorption.
Choice C is incorrect as cutting the patch compromises the controlled release mechanism and can cause an uneven dose.
Choice D is incorrect because applying a second patch without medical advice can lead to overdose and severe hypotension.