ATI RN
ATI RN Pharmacology 2023 Retake 2 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who has received oxycodone. The nurse notes that the client's respiratory rate is 8/min. The nurse should identify that which of the following is the pathophysiology for the client's respiratory rate?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Oxycodone causes central nervous system depression. Oxycodone is an opioid that acts on the central nervous system, specifically on the brainstem respiratory centers, causing respiratory depression. This results in a decrease in the respiratory rate. Options A, B, and C are incorrect because they do not directly relate to respiratory depression caused by oxycodone. Option A refers to the mechanism of action of NSAIDs, not opioids like oxycodone. Option B refers to the effect on cranial arteries, which is unrelated to respiratory rate. Option C describes the mechanism of local anesthetics, not opioids.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is mechanically ventilated and receiving propofol intravenously. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse identify as a complication of administration?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Sepsis. Propofol is known to suppress the immune system, increasing the risk of infections like sepsis in mechanically ventilated patients. Hypokalemia (
A) is not directly related to propofol administration. Urinary retention (
C) is a common side effect of anesthesia but not specific to propofol. Hypoglycemia (
D) is not a common complication of propofol. In summary, sepsis is the correct choice as it is a potential serious complication associated with propofol administration in mechanically ventilated patients, while the other choices are less relevant or not directly linked to propofol.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who is receiving a peripheral IV infusion and notes infiltration of fluid into the tissues surrounding the insertion site. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Elevate the extremity. Elevation helps to reduce swelling and minimize further fluid infiltration into the tissues. By elevating the extremity, the nurse can promote drainage of the infiltrated fluid and prevent complications such as tissue damage.
Other choices are incorrect because:
B: Flushing the IV catheter is not indicated for managing fluid infiltration.
C: Slowing the infusion rate may not address the current issue of fluid infiltration.
D: Applying pressure to the IV site can further damage the tissues and exacerbate the problem.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a group of clients. Which of the following situations requires an incident report?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because administering insulin before the scheduled time can lead to hypoglycemia, a serious adverse event that requires documentation in an incident report for quality improvement and accountability. Administering insulin at an incorrect time can result in harm to the client and is considered a medication error.
Choices A, B, and D do not necessarily require incident reports as they are common occurrences in healthcare settings and can be managed through routine documentation and interventions. Vomiting after medication administration and receiving a meal tray slightly early are not considered critical incidents. Experiencing a seizure is a medical emergency that requires immediate intervention but does not necessarily indicate a system error that requires documentation in an incident report.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a new prescription for carbamazepine for the treatment of seizures. The nurse should instruct the client to monitor for which of the following adverse effects?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Blurred vision. Carbamazepine, an antiepileptic medication, can cause ocular side effects, such as blurred vision, diplopia, and nystagmus. The nurse should instruct the client to monitor for changes in vision and report any visual disturbances immediately to prevent potential complications. Insomnia (choice
A) is not a common adverse effect of carbamazepine. Tachypnea (choice
C) refers to rapid breathing and is not typically associated with this medication. Metallic taste (choice
D) is not a common side effect of carbamazepine.