ATI RN
ATI RN pharmacology 2023 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who has posttraumatic stress disorder following the occurrence of a natural disaster. Which of the following questions should the nurse ask to identify the client's support systems?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Are you comfortable discussing the disaster with your family or friends? This question is important because it assesses the client's support systems. By asking about the client's comfort level in discussing the disaster with loved ones, the nurse can identify potential sources of support and coping mechanisms. This question helps the nurse understand if the client has a network of people they can rely on for emotional support and understanding.
Choices A, B, and C do not directly address the client's support systems and are more focused on symptoms and feelings. Asking about sleeping patterns, feelings about life, or eating patterns may provide valuable information but do not specifically target the client's support network.
Question 2 of 5
A home health nurse is planning care for an older adult client who has dementia and is starting to have difficulty performing activities of daily living (ADLs). Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan of care?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Request a referral for an occupational therapist. This intervention is appropriate because an occupational therapist can assess the client's abilities and provide strategies and interventions to help the client maintain independence in performing ADLs despite their dementia-related challenges. The therapist can recommend adaptive equipment, modify the environment, and teach compensatory techniques to enhance the client's functional performance.
Choice B is incorrect because relying solely on a home health aide to perform the client's ADLs does not promote the client's independence or address their specific needs and abilities.
Choice C is inappropriate as it does not consider the client's preferences, autonomy, and quality of life.
Choice D is not directly related to addressing the client's difficulty with ADLs and should be discussed with the client's healthcare provider instead.
Question 3 of 5
A charge nurse is teaching a group of newly licensed nurses about the health risks for family caregivers of clients who are chronically ill. Which of the following should the nurse include as placing a family caregiver at risk?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Providing care for greater than 1 year. Long-term caregiving can lead to physical and emotional strain, burnout, and increased risk of health problems for family caregivers.
Choice A (Previous caregiver experience) is not a risk factor on its own.
Choices B (25 to 50 years of age) and C (Lives in a different dwelling than the client) are not inherently risky factors for caregivers.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has a prescription for parenteral therapy. Which of the following actions should the nurse take when initiating IV therapy?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Apply the tourniquet 5 to 10 cm (about 2 to 4 in) above the IV insertion site. This step is crucial in initiating IV therapy as it helps to visualize and access the veins more easily. By applying the tourniquet at the correct distance from the insertion site, the nurse can create venous congestion, making the veins more prominent and easier to puncture. This step also helps to slow down the blood flow, making it easier to insert the IV catheter. It is important to apply the tourniquet properly to avoid causing discomfort or compromising blood flow to the extremity.
Incorrect choices:
A: Insert the IV catheter using the Z-track technique - The Z-track technique is used for intramuscular injections, not IV therapy.
B: Insert the IV catheter with the bevel down - The bevel of the IV catheter should be facing up for proper insertion into the vein.
C:
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer phenobarbital 30 mg PO to a client. Available is phenobarbital 20 mg/5 mL. How many mL should the nurse administer?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: 7.5 mL.
To calculate this, we first determine how many 20 mg doses are in 30 mg (30 mg ÷ 20 mg = 1.5 doses).
Then, since the medication is 20 mg/5 mL, each dose is 5 mL (20 mg ÷ 5 mL = 4 mL).
Therefore, 1.5 doses x 4 mL/dose = 6 mL. However, since we need to round up to ensure the full dosage is administered, the nurse should administer 7.5 mL.
Choice A (7 mL) is incorrect as it does not provide the full dosage.
Choices C (8 mL) and D (8.5 mL) are incorrect as they exceed the necessary dosage, leading to potential overdose risks.