ATI RN
ATI RN pharmacology 2023 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who has hypocalcemia. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: A,B,C
Rationale: The correct answer is A, B, and C. Hypocalcemia is a condition characterized by low levels of calcium in the blood. Positive Trousseau's sign, muscle cramps, and tingling sensation around the lips are common findings in hypocalcemia. Trousseau's sign is a carpal spasm induced by inflating a blood pressure cuff above systolic pressure, indicating neuromuscular irritability due to hypocalcemia. Muscle cramps are a result of calcium's role in muscle contraction. Tingling sensation around the lips is a manifestation of hypocalcemia affecting the nervous system.
Choices D and E are incorrect. Negative Chvostek's sign is associated with hypocalcemia, not a negative sign. Abdominal distention is not a typical finding in hypocalcemia.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse manager is evaluating a nurse who is performing a urinary catheterization on a male client. Which of the following actions by the nurse demonstrates correct aseptic technique?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale:
Correct Answer: C - Cleanses the meatus from the center in a circular motion.
Rationale:
1. Cleansing the meatus from the center in a circular motion helps to prevent contamination by moving from the least contaminated area to the most contaminated area.
2. This technique minimizes the risk of introducing microorganisms into the urethra during the catheterization procedure.
3. By starting from the center and moving outward, the nurse ensures thorough cleaning of the meatus and reduces the chance of introducing infection.
Incorrect
Choices:
A: Grasping the catheter 10.16 to 12.7 cm (4 to 5 in) from the tip - Incorrect because holding the catheter too close to the tip can lead to contamination.
B: Cleansing the meatus using a clean cotton ball - Incorrect because a cotton ball may leave fibers behind, increasing the risk of infection.
D: Applying clean gloves before beginning the procedure - Incorrect because clean gloves are necessary but do not
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is performing a dressing change on a client and observes granulation tissue. Which of the following findings should the nurse document?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Translucent, red tissue. Granulation tissue is a sign of healing and is characterized by being translucent and red in color. The red color indicates good blood supply to the area, promoting healing. Soft, yellow tissue (choice
B) may indicate infection or necrosis. Stringy, white tissue (choice
C) may suggest fibrous tissue or pus. Thick, black tissue (choice
D) typically indicates necrotic tissue or dead tissue.
Therefore, the nurse should document the presence of translucent, red tissue as a positive sign of healing during the dressing change.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who is receiving a blood transfusion. The nurse notes lung crackles, hypoxia, and distended neck veins. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: A,B,C,D
Rationale: The correct actions for the nurse to take are A, B, C, and D. A - Stopping the transfusion is crucial as the client is showing signs of fluid overload and a potential transfusion reaction. B - Placing the client in high-Fowler's position helps improve oxygenation. C - Obtaining a prescription for a diuretic can help manage fluid overload. D - Administering oxygen is essential to improve oxygen saturation.
Choices E and beyond are incorrect as epinephrine is not indicated for this situation and other interventions take precedence in managing the client's symptoms.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is discussing community support services with an adult client who has cognitive disabilities and their guardian. The guardian reports that the client's need for help with activities of daily living has increased recently. Which of the following referrals is most important to promote the client's quality of life?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Occupational therapist. An occupational therapist can assess the client's abilities and living environment to provide tailored interventions to enhance independence in daily activities. This is crucial for improving the client's quality of life. Referral to a community health nurse (
A) may focus more on medical needs rather than functional abilities. Respite care provider (
B) offers temporary relief for caregivers but doesn't directly address the client's needs. While a dietician (
C) is important for overall health, it may not be the most pressing need in this situation.