ATI RN
ATI RN Pharmacology Proctored Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who has hypermagnesemia. Which of the following medications should the nurse prepare to administer?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Calcium gluconate. In hypermagnesemia, there is an excess of magnesium in the blood, leading to muscle weakness, bradycardia, and hypotension. Calcium gluconate is the antidote for hypermagnesemia as it helps counteract the effects of high magnesium levels by antagonizing the actions of magnesium on the heart and muscles. Protamine sulfate (
A) is used as an antidote for heparin overdose. Acetylcysteine (
B) is used for acetaminophen overdose. Flumazenil (
D) is used as an antidote for benzodiazepine overdose. The other answer choices are not relevant to the treatment of hypermagnesemia.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has breast cancer and reports pain. 1 hr after administration of prescribed morphine 10 mg IV. Which of the following medications should the nurse expect to administer?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Fentanyl transmucosal. Fentanyl is a potent opioid analgesic that can be used for breakthrough pain in cancer patients already on around-the-clock opioid therapy like morphine. Fentanyl transmucosal provides rapid pain relief, making it suitable for managing sudden onset pain. Naloxone (
A) is an opioid antagonist used to reverse opioid overdose, not for routine pain management. Morphine tablet (
B) is not ideal for immediate pain relief due to slower onset. Lidocaine patch (
C) is used for localized pain, not systemic pain relief like in this case.
Therefore, fentanyl transmucosal is the most appropriate choice for managing the client's pain effectively.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has a new diagnosis of benign prostate hypertrophy and a prescription for doxazosin. The client tells the nurse, 'I do not take this medication. I would prefer a natural therapy.' Which of the following supplements should the nurse suggest the client discuss with the provider?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Saw palmetto. Saw palmetto is a commonly used herbal remedy for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) symptoms. It has been shown to potentially reduce urinary symptoms and improve quality of life in BPH patients. The nurse should suggest the client discuss saw palmetto with the provider as it may be a suitable alternative to doxazosin.
A: Black cohosh is not typically used for BPH and is more commonly used for menopausal symptoms in women.
B: Garlic does not have a direct link to treating BPH symptoms.
C: Feverfew is primarily used for migraines and inflammatory conditions, not for BPH.
E, F, G: No additional choices provided.
In summary, the other choices are incorrect because they are not commonly associated with treating BPH symptoms, unlike saw palmetto which has some evidence supporting its use in this context.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is planning to administer medication to an older adult client who has dysphagia. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. Mixing the medications with a semisolid food for the client with dysphagia helps prevent choking or aspiration. This method makes it easier for the client to swallow the medication safely. Tilt the client's head back (
A) can lead to aspiration. Administering more than one pill at a time (
C) can increase the risk of choking. Placing medications on the back of the tongue (
D) can also trigger the gag reflex and increase the risk of aspiration.
Extract:
Nurses' Notes
3 days ago: Client presents with reports of intermittent spotting between menstrual cycles. Pelvic examination and swabs for sexually medication.”
transmitted infections obtained by the provider.
Medications include a combined oral contraceptive.
Today:
Client returns to office to discuss results of laboratory testing.
Education provided on newly obtained prescriptions.
Question 5 of 5
Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching about the new medication?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale:
Rationale: The correct answer is D because this medication may cause photosensitivity, making the individual more prone to sunburn or skin damage. It is essential to avoid the sun to prevent adverse effects.
Choice A is incorrect because dairy products may interact with the medication.
Choice B is incorrect as constipation is not a common side effect of this medication.
Choice C is incorrect as headache and blurred vision are not common side effects.
Choice E is incorrect unless the medication affects hormonal contraception.