ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology 2023 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who has heart failure and is taking furosemide. Which of the following findings should indicate to the nurse that the client is experiencing fluid volume deficit?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Elevated hematocrit level. In fluid volume deficit, there is a decrease in fluid volume in the body leading to increased concentration of red blood cells, resulting in an elevated hematocrit level. This occurs because the body is trying to compensate for the decreased fluid volume by increasing the concentration of red blood cells in the blood.
Weight gain (
A) is a sign of fluid volume excess, not deficit. Distended neck veins (
B) are a sign of fluid volume overload, typically seen in heart failure. Shortness of breath (
C) is a common symptom of heart failure but not specific to fluid volume deficit.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client with hypertension who is receiving propranolol. Which of the following findings requires the nurse's intervention?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Heart rate of 56/min. Propranolol is a beta-blocker that can cause bradycardia as a side effect. A heart rate of 56/min is lower than the normal range, indicating bradycardia. This finding requires the nurse's intervention as it can lead to decreased cardiac output and potential complications.
Choice B (Sa02 95% on 2 L/min of oxygen) indicates adequate oxygen saturation and does not require immediate intervention.
Choice C (Respirations 22/min) falls within the normal range and does not require immediate intervention.
Choice D (Blood pressure 106/68 mm Hg) is within normal limits for a client with hypertension on propranolol and does not require immediate intervention.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is preparing to mix short-acting insulin with NPH insulin from two vials. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
Rationale: Option A is correct because when mixing short-acting insulin with NPH insulin, air should be injected into the NPH insulin vial first to prevent creating a vacuum. This allows for easier withdrawal of the short-acting insulin. Injecting air into the short-acting insulin vial could lead to contamination of the insulin. Option B is incorrect because insulin should be administered within 5-10 minutes of mixing, not 20. Option C is incorrect since the short-acting insulin should be drawn into the syringe first to avoid contamination. Option D is incorrect as using two separate syringes is unnecessary and increases the risk of dosing errors.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer a medication to a client for the first time and needs to know about potential food and medication interactions. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
1. Consulting a drug reference guide is essential to gather information on potential food and medication interactions.
2. Drug reference guides provide comprehensive and up-to-date information on drug interactions.
3. It is a reliable source to ensure the safety and effectiveness of medication administration.
4. This proactive approach demonstrates thorough research and professional responsibility.
Incorrect
Choices:
A: Having the client take the medication on an empty stomach may not always be the appropriate action and could lead to adverse effects.
C: Relying on another nurse's knowledge may not guarantee accurate information on all potential interactions.
D: Checking the client's medical record may provide some information, but a drug reference guide offers more extensive details on interactions.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer filgrastim 5 mcg/kg/day subcutaneous to a client who weighs 143 lb. How many mcg should the nurse administer per day? (Round the answer to the nearest whole number. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
To calculate the dose of filgrastim for the client, first convert the weight from pounds to kilograms. 143 lb / 2.2 = 65 kg.
Then, multiply the weight in kg by the dosage of 5 mcg/kg/day. 65 kg * 5 mcg/kg/day = 325 mcg/day.
Therefore, the correct answer is A: 325 mcg/day.
Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because they do not accurately calculate the dose based on the client's weight and the prescribed dosage.