ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology 2023 III Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who has heart failure and is taking furosemide. Which of the following findings should indicate to the nurse that the client is experiencing fluid volume deficit?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Elevated hematocrit level. In fluid volume deficit, there is a decrease in blood volume, leading to an increase in the concentration of red blood cells (hematocrit). This is a compensatory mechanism to maintain oxygen delivery. Weight gain (choice
A) and distended neck veins (choice
B) are indicative of fluid volume excess. Shortness of breath (choice
C) is a common symptom of heart failure but not specific to fluid volume deficit.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who develops an anaphylactic reaction to IV antibiotic administration. After assessing the client's respiratory status and stopping the medication infusion. Which of the following actions should the nurse take next?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Administer epinephrine 1M. Epinephrine is the first-line treatment for anaphylaxis as it helps to reverse the severe allergic reaction by constricting blood vessels, improving blood pressure, and opening airways to improve breathing. It is administered intramuscularly to ensure rapid absorption and effectiveness. This action is crucial in preventing further deterioration of the client's condition.
Choice B: Replacing the infusion with 0.9% sodium chloride may help stabilize the client's fluid status but does not address the anaphylactic reaction directly.
Choice C: Giving diphenhydramine intramuscularly can help with itching and mild allergic reactions but is not as effective or rapid-acting as epinephrine in treating anaphylaxis.
Choice D: Elevating the client's legs and feet is not appropriate in this situation as the priority is to address the anaphylactic reaction promptly.
In summary, administering
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who has started taking theophylline. Which of the following client findings should indicate to the nurse that the medication is effective?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Decreased wheezing. Theophylline is a bronchodilator used to treat respiratory conditions like asthma or COPD by relaxing the muscles in the airways, reducing wheezing. Decreased wheezing indicates improved airflow and lung function, demonstrating the medication's effectiveness. Increased blood pressure (
A) is not a common effect of theophylline and may indicate a potential adverse reaction. Decreased urine output (
C) is not a typical indicator of theophylline effectiveness and could signify dehydration or kidney issues. Increased level of consciousness (
D) is not directly related to theophylline's action on the respiratory system.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who has anxiety and is taking buspirone. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as an adverse effect of the medication?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Bradycardia. Buspirone can cause bradycardia as an adverse effect due to its potential to lower heart rate. Bradycardia is a slow heart rate, which can be dangerous if severe. It is crucial for the nurse to monitor the client's heart rate regularly when taking buspirone. Hypoglycemia (
A), hypothermia (
C), and hypokalemia (
D) are not typically associated adverse effects of buspirone.
Therefore, the nurse should prioritize assessing for bradycardia in a client taking buspirone.
Extract:
Vital Signs Day 1:
Temperature 36.2 0 C (97.20 F) Respiratory rate 18/min
Heart rate 74/min
Blood pressure 1 1 8/68 mm Hg Sp02 96% on room air
Day 7:
Temperature 36.9 0 C (98.40 F) Heart rate 86/min
Respiratory rate 18/min Blood pressure 98/66 mm Hg Sp02 97% on room air
Provider Prescriptions Day 1:
Levodopa 250 mg/Carbidopa 25 mg 1 tablet daily Day
7:
Levodopa 250 mg/Carbidopa 25 mg 2 tablets daily
Question 5 of 5
Which of the following statements should the nurse include when teaching the client about the prescribed medication? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: A,B,D,E,F
Rationale: The correct statements to include when teaching the client about the prescribed medication are A, B, D, E, and F.
A: Consumption of a high-protein meal can reduce the effectiveness of the medication - Important to ensure medication efficacy.
B: You can experience vivid nightmares - Alerts the client to a potential side effect.
D: The medication can cause nausea, so take with a meal - Helps manage a common side effect.
E: This medication can make you light-headed if you stand up too quickly from a seated or lying position - Warns about potential orthostatic hypotension.
F: You may initially notice an increase in involuntary movements - Indicates a possible side effect to monitor.
These statements were selected for their relevance in preparing the client for potential side effects, interactions, and necessary precautions while taking the medication.