ATI RN
ATI RN Pharmacology 2023 II Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who has heart failure and is taking furosemide. Which of the following findings should indicate to the nurse that the client is experiencing fluid volume deficit?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Elevated hematocrit level. When a client is experiencing fluid volume deficit, there is a decrease in circulating blood volume, leading to hemoconcentration. This results in an elevated hematocrit level due to the increased concentration of red blood cells in the blood. A weight gain (
B) would be indicative of fluid volume excess rather than deficit. Shortness of breath (
C) and distended neck veins (
D) are signs of fluid volume overload, not deficit.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who has received oxycodone. The nurse notes that the client's respiratory rate is 8/min. The nurse should identify that which of the following is the pathophysiology for the client's respiratory rate?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Oxycodone causes central nervous system depression. Oxycodone is an opioid that acts on the central nervous system, specifically the brainstem, to depress the respiratory center. This results in decreased respiratory rate. Options A, B, and C are incorrect because oxycodone does not directly affect cranial arteries, sodium channels, or prostaglandin synthesis in a way that would lead to respiratory depression. Option E is blank, but it would likely be incorrect as well since the correct answer is related to the central nervous system.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who has septic shock and is receiving dopamine by continuous IV infusion. Which of the following findings indicates that the nurse should increase the rate of infusion?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Hypotension. In septic shock, dopamine is used to increase blood pressure. Hypotension indicates that the current dosage is not effectively managing the client's blood pressure, necessitating an increase in the infusion rate to achieve the desired therapeutic effect. Headache (choice
A) is a common side effect of dopamine but does not directly correlate with the need for a dosage increase. Chest pain (choice
C) may indicate other issues but does not specifically warrant a change in dopamine infusion rate. Extravasation (choice
D) refers to the leakage of IV fluid into the surrounding tissue and requires immediate attention but is not directly related to adjusting the infusion rate of dopamine.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer medications to a client and notices the wrong medication was administered on the previous shift. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first after obtaining vital signs?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct action is to inform the client's provider first because it is crucial to address the error promptly to ensure the client's safety. By informing the provider, the nurse can obtain guidance on how to proceed with the situation, such as monitoring the client for adverse effects or administering any necessary interventions. This step prioritizes the client's well-being and ensures that appropriate measures are taken promptly. Completing an incident report, documenting findings, and notifying the nursing manager can be important follow-up steps, but they should come after informing the provider to address the immediate concern.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving high-dose metoclopramide. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following adverse effects?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Tardive dyskinesia. Metoclopramide is associated with this adverse effect, characterized by involuntary movements of the face, tongue, and extremities. The nurse should monitor for signs such as lip smacking, tongue protrusion, and rapid eye movements. Oral candidiasis (
A) is not directly related to metoclopramide. Black stools (
B) could indicate gastrointestinal bleeding but is not a common adverse effect of metoclopramide. Dry cough (
C) is not a typical side effect.
Therefore, the nurse should focus on monitoring for tardive dyskinesia (
D) when administering high-dose metoclopramide.