Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Hyperkalemia is expected in adrenal insufficiency (e.g., Addison's disease) due to decreased aldosterone production, which impairs potassium excretion by the kidneys.
Choice A is incorrect because adrenal insufficiency typically causes hypotension due to reduced cortisol and aldosterone, not hypertension.
Choice C is incorrect because weight loss, not weight gain, is common due to decreased appetite and fluid loss.
Choice D is incorrect because fever is not a primary feature unless there is an underlying infection or adrenal crisis.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Monitoring aPTT (activated partial thromboplastin time) is essential for clients receiving heparin, as it measures the therapeutic effect of heparin on the intrinsic clotting pathway, ensuring the dose is within the therapeutic range (1.5-2.5 times the baseline).
Choice A is incorrect because INR is used to monitor warfarin, not heparin.
Choice C is incorrect because, while platelet count should be monitored to detect heparin-induced thrombocytopenia, aPTT is the primary test for heparin therapy.
Choice D is incorrect because heparin does not directly affect potassium levels; electrolyte monitoring is not a priority.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale:
Choice A is wrong because checking a STAT cardiac troponin is not the first priority. Cardiac troponin is a biomarker that indicates myocardial injury, but it may not rise until several hours after the onset of chest pain.
Therefore, it is not useful for immediate diagnosis or treatment of acute coronary syndrome.
Choice B is wrong because requesting a prescription for a beta-blocker is not the first priority. Beta-blockers are medications that can lower blood pressure and heart rate, and reduce the oxygen demand of the heart. They can prevent or reduce the recurrence of chest pain and complications of acute coronary syndrome, but they are not indicated for immediate relief of chest pain. Nitroglycerin is a vasodilator that can relieve chest pain caused by myocardial ischemia. The nurse should administer it as soon as possible to improve blood flow to the heart and reduce the risk of myocardial infarction. The nurse should also monitor the client's blood pressure and heart rate after giving nitroglycerin, as it can cause hypotension and reflex tachycardia.
Choice D is wrong because administering oxygen is not the first priority. Oxygen therapy can increase the oxygen supply to the heart and reduce ischemia, but it is not necessary for all clients with chest pain. Oxygen therapy should be based on the client's oxygen saturation level and clinical condition. If the client's oxygen saturation is normal or high, oxygen therapy may not be beneficial and may even be harmful.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Increasing dietary fiber prevents constipation, a common side effect of hydrocodone, an opioid that slows gastrointestinal motility.
Choice B is incorrect because grapefruit juice can interact with some medications but does not enhance hydrocodone absorption and may increase side effects.
Choice C is incorrect because driving should be avoided while taking hydrocodone, as it can cause drowsiness and impair coordination, regardless of time of day.
Choice D is incorrect because hydrocodone typically causes sedation, not increased energy levels.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Administering sucralfate 1 hour before meals allows it to form a protective barrier over the ulcer site without interference from food, enhancing its effectiveness in treating peptic ulcers.
Choice A is incorrect because taking sucralfate with meals reduces its ability to coat the ulcer due to food in the stomach.
Choice B is incorrect because sucralfate tablets should not be crushed, as this alters their ability to form a protective coating; they should be swallowed whole or dissolved in water if needed.
Choice D is incorrect because mixing sucralfate with an antacid can reduce its efficacy, as antacids alter stomach pH, which is necessary for sucralfate's action.