ATI RN
ATI RN Adult Medical Surgical 2023 Questions Correct Answers Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who has a history of type 2 diabetes mellitus. The nurse should identify which of the following findings as an indication of a microvascular complication?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Retinopathy. In type 2 diabetes, prolonged high blood sugar levels can damage small blood vessels in the retina, leading to retinopathy, a microvascular complication affecting the eyes. This can result in vision problems or even blindness. Peripheral neuropathy (
A) is a macrovascular complication affecting the nerves, not the microvasculature. Hypertension (
B) is a common comorbidity but not a direct microvascular complication. Stroke (
D) is a macrovascular complication involving large blood vessels in the brain, not microvasculature. Thus, the nurse should identify retinopathy (
C) as the correct indication of a microvascular complication in a client with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse manager is providing an in-service to a group of newly licensed nurses about the use of personal protective equipment. Which of the following statements by a newly licensed nurse indicates an understanding of the teaching?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: "I should wear goggles when irrigating a wound." This indicates an understanding of the teaching as goggles protect the eyes from splashes and sprays. Wearing goggles during wound irrigation helps prevent potential eye exposure to contaminated fluids, reducing the risk of infection.
Choice A is incorrect because wearing a gown to remove linens is unnecessary for personal protective equipment during this task.
Choice B is incorrect as sterile gloves are required for clean procedures like wound care, not for administering IM injections.
Choice D is incorrect because using both hands to recap a needle increases the risk of needle-stick injuries.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is reviewing the medical record of a client who has acute gout. The nurse should expect an increase in which of the following laboratory results?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Uric acid. In acute gout, there is an accumulation of uric acid crystals in the joints, leading to inflammation and pain. As a result, the uric acid levels in the blood increase. Monitoring uric acid levels helps in diagnosing and managing gout.
Explanation for other choices:
A: Intrinsic factor - Intrinsic factor is related to vitamin B12 absorption, not gout.
C: Chloride level - Chloride level is not directly impacted by acute gout.
D: Creatinine kinase - Creatinine kinase is an enzyme related to muscle breakdown, not specifically affected by gout.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is teaching a client about using a metered-dose rescue inhaler. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: "Exhale fully before bringing the inhaler to your lips." This statement is important because exhaling fully before inhaling the medication helps to ensure maximum delivery of the medication into the lungs. By exhaling fully, the client creates more space in the lungs for the medication to reach the lower airways effectively.
Choice A is incorrect because depressing the canister after inhaling would not allow the medication to reach the lungs.
Choice C is incorrect as peroxide is not recommended for cleaning inhaler mouthpieces.
Choice D is incorrect because shaking the inhaler before use is necessary to ensure proper mixing of the medication for effective delivery.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is postoperative and develops respiratory depression after receiving morphine for pain control. Which of the following medications should the nurse expect the provider to prescribe?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Naloxone. Naloxone is an opioid antagonist that reverses the effects of opioids, including respiratory depression.
Therefore, the nurse should expect the provider to prescribe naloxone to counteract the respiratory depression caused by morphine. Flumazenil (
A) is a benzodiazepine antagonist and would not be effective in this situation. Calcium gluconate (
B) is used to treat calcium deficiencies and would not address respiratory depression. Diphenhydramine (
C) is an antihistamine and not indicated for reversing opioid-induced respiratory depression.