ATI RN
ATI RN Pharmacology 2023 IV Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client prior to administering morphine. Which of the following findings indicates the nurse should withhold the morphine and contact the provider?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Crackles in the lungs. Crackles indicate potential fluid accumulation in the lungs, which could be a sign of pulmonary edema. Morphine is a respiratory depressant and can worsen respiratory function, leading to respiratory distress in a client with pulmonary edema. Urinary retention (
A) is a common side effect of opioids but does not necessitate withholding morphine. Respiratory rate of 16/min (
B) is within the normal range. Heart rate of 68/min (
D) is also within normal limits.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is administering midazolam to a client who is undergoing an endoscopic procedure. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following as an adverse effect of the medication?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Respiratory depression. Midazolam is a sedative-hypnotic medication that can cause respiratory depression, especially when given in higher doses or in combination with other central nervous system depressants. The nurse should monitor the client closely for signs of respiratory distress, such as decreased respiratory rate, shallow breathing, or oxygen desaturation. Respiratory depression can lead to hypoxia and respiratory arrest if not promptly recognized and managed. Ringing in the ears (
B), increased blood pressure (
C), and urinary retention (
D) are not common adverse effects of midazolam. Monitoring for these symptoms would not be a priority when administering midazolam.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is transcribing a new prescription for a client which states, 'Diphenhydramine 50 mg NOW.' Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Contact the provider to clarify the prescription. This is the correct action because the prescription lacks specific instructions on how the medication should be administered. By contacting the provider, the nurse can seek clarification on the frequency and route of administration, ensuring the client receives the medication safely and effectively.
Choice A is incorrect because immediately sending the medication without clarification could lead to potential errors in administration.
Choice B is incorrect as it assumes the client knows how to use the medication without proper instructions.
Choice D is incorrect as administering the medication within 90 minutes without clarity on the prescription could jeopardize the client's safety.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who has received oxycodone. The nurse notes that the client's respiratory rate is 8/min. The nurse should identify that which of the following is the pathophysiology for the client's respiratory rate?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Oxycodone causes central nervous system depression. Oxycodone is an opioid that acts on the central nervous system, specifically the brainstem, to depress respiratory drive. This leads to a decrease in respiratory rate. Other choices are incorrect because: A: Oxycodone does not directly inhibit prostaglandin synthesis. C: Oxycodone does not block sodium channels to suspend nerve conduction. D: Oxycodone does not directly promote vasodilation of cranial arteries. In summary, the respiratory depression caused by oxycodone is due to its effect on the central nervous system, not its actions on prostaglandin synthesis, sodium channels, or cranial arteries.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is preparing to apply a fentanyl transdermal patch. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Press the patch firmly into place using the palm of the hand for 30 seconds. This action helps ensure proper adhesion of the fentanyl patch to the skin, promoting consistent drug delivery. Pressing the patch helps create better contact between the patch and the skin, enhancing absorption. It is important to press the patch firmly but gently to avoid damaging the patch or irritating the skin.
Explanation for other choices:
A: Cleaning the application area with an alcohol swab is not necessary and may irritate the skin.
B: Applying a warm compress may alter drug absorption and is not recommended for fentanyl patches.
D: Discarding the used patch in a clear plastic bag and placing it in the trash is correct for disposal but not related to applying the patch.