ATI RN
ATI Nur 223a Sect 4 Pediatrics Final Exam Questions
Extract:
Client for hypoxemia during an asthma attack.
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client for hypoxemia during an asthma attack. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Agitation. During an asthma attack, hypoxemia can lead to decreased oxygen supply to the brain, causing agitation due to increased respiratory effort and anxiety. This is a common manifestation of hypoxemia in asthma. Hypotension (
A), dysphagia (
B), and nausea (
C) are not typically associated with hypoxemia during an asthma attack. Hypotension may occur in severe cases of anaphylaxis or shock, dysphagia is difficulty swallowing which is not a common symptom of hypoxemia, and nausea is more commonly associated with gastrointestinal issues rather than respiratory distress.
Extract:
Client who has asthma.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who has asthma. Which of the following areas should the nurse evaluate as the most reliable indicator of central cyanosis?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Oral mucosa. Central cyanosis is caused by decreased oxygen levels in the blood and is best assessed in mucous membranes closest to the heart, such as the oral mucosa. This area has a rich blood supply and is more sensitive to changes in oxygen saturation. Conjunctivae (choice
A) may show peripheral cyanosis, which is less reliable. Soles of the feet (choice
B) and ear lobes (choice
D) are not typical sites to assess for cyanosis. In summary, evaluating the oral mucosa is the most reliable indicator of central cyanosis due to its proximity to the heart and rich blood supply.
Extract:
4-year-old child who has a new diagnosis of diabetes mellitus and is distressed after an insulin injection.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a 4-year-old child who has a new diagnosis of diabetes mellitus and is distressed after an insulin injection. Which of the following play activities should the nurse recognize as therapeutic in helping the child deal with the injection?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: A needleless syringe and a doll. This play activity is therapeutic as it allows the child to mimic the insulin injection process on the doll using a needleless syringe, helping them understand and cope with the procedure in a playful and non-threatening manner. This play scenario can help reduce fear and anxiety associated with injections by providing a sense of control and familiarity.
Choice A (A storybook about a child who has diabetes) may provide information but does not actively engage the child in coping with the injection process.
Choice B (A period of play in the playroom) is too vague and does not specifically address the child's distress after the injection.
Choice C (A video game) may distract the child but does not directly address the issue at hand.
In summary, the other choices do not actively involve the child in simulating the injection process, which is crucial for helping the child cope with the distress associated with insulin injections.
Extract:
10-year-old child who will be hospitalized for an extended period of time.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is planning care for a 10-year-old child who will be hospitalized for an extended period of time. Which of the following actions should the nurse include in the plan of care to meet the client's psychosocial needs according to Erikson?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Encourage the client to complete school work. According to Erikson's psychosocial theory, the stage for a 10-year-old child is Industry vs. Inferiority, where they are focused on developing a sense of competence through mastering tasks. By encouraging the child to complete school work, the nurse supports the child's sense of accomplishment and mastery, which is crucial for their psychosocial development.
Choice A is incorrect because varying the child's schedule each day may disrupt their sense of routine and stability, which is important for children in the Industry vs. Inferiority stage.
Choice B is incorrect as play therapy is beneficial but may not directly address the child's need for competence and mastery.
Choice D is incorrect as discouraging visits from friends may isolate the child, hindering their social development.
Extract:
Child is spitting up small amounts of blood in the immediate postoperative period after a tonsillectomy.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse notices that a child is spitting up small amounts of blood in the immediate postoperative period after a tonsillectomy. What would be the best intervention?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Continue to assess for bleeding. After a tonsillectomy, it is normal for a child to have some minor bleeding. By continuing to assess for bleeding, the nurse can monitor the situation closely for any signs of worsening bleeding. Notifying the healthcare provider immediately (
A) may be premature if the bleeding is minimal. Encouraging the child to cough (
C) or suctioning the back of the throat (
D) could aggravate the bleeding. The best initial action is to closely monitor and assess the situation before escalating the intervention.