ATI RN
ATI Medsurg Proctored Final Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client for hypoxemia during an asthma attack. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Agitation. During an asthma attack, hypoxemia can lead to decreased oxygen supply to the brain, causing agitation due to hypoxia. Cyanosis (
A) is a bluish discoloration of the skin and mucous membranes, indicating severe hypoxemia. Hypotension (
C) is not typically associated with hypoxemia in asthma. Dizziness (
D) is more commonly seen in conditions like hyperventilation rather than hypoxemia. In summary, agitation is the most likely manifestation of hypoxemia during an asthma attack due to decreased oxygen supply to the brain.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is teaching a client who has been taking prednisone to treat asthma and has a new prescription to discontinue the medication. The nurse should explain to the client to reduce the dose gradually to prevent which of the following adverse effects?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Adrenocortical insufficiency. Gradually reducing prednisone dose is important as prednisone suppresses the body's natural production of cortisol. Abrupt discontinuation can lead to adrenal insufficiency due to the sudden decrease in cortisol levels. This can result in symptoms such as fatigue, weakness, weight loss, and hypotension. Osteoporosis (
A) is a long-term side effect of prednisone but not a concern with dose reduction. Hypoglycemia (
B) and Hyperkalemia (
C) are not typically associated with prednisone withdrawal.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is teaching a client about the causes of osteoporosis. The nurse should include which of the following types of medication therapy as a risk factor for osteoporosis?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Thyroid hormones. Excessive use of thyroid hormones can lead to osteoporosis by increasing bone turnover and reducing bone mineral density. Thyroid hormones can interfere with the normal process of bone formation and resorption, leading to weakened bones. Aspirin therapy (
A) is not a risk factor for osteoporosis. Calcium supplements (
B) are actually recommended to prevent osteoporosis. Estrogen therapy (
C) is also not a risk factor; in fact, estrogen helps to maintain bone density.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is planning a presentation about HIV for a church-based group. Which of the following information about HIV transmission should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because HIV is primarily transmitted through direct contact with infected body fluids such as blood, semen, vaginal fluids, and breast milk. This includes activities like unprotected sexual intercourse, sharing needles, and mother-to-child transmission during childbirth or breastfeeding. Casual contact (choice
B) is not a common mode of transmission, and HIV is not transmitted through airborne droplets (choice
C). While sexual contact is a significant mode of transmission, HIV can also be transmitted through other means involving infected body fluids. Thus, option D is incorrect as it is too limiting.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has had a total abdominal hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy for uterine cancer. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
Correct Answer: A. Artificial lubrication can be used to treat vaginal itching and dryness.
Rationale: After a total abdominal hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, the client will experience menopausal symptoms due to the removal of the ovaries. Vaginal dryness and itching are common symptoms that can be managed with artificial lubrication. Estrogen therapy is contraindicated in this client due to the history of uterine cancer. Using tampons can increase the risk of infection post-surgery. Avoiding sexual activity for 1 year is not necessary unless advised by the healthcare provider.