ATI RN
ATI RN Pharmacology Exam 2024 With NGN Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client 1 hr after administering morphine for pain. The nurse should identify which of the following findings as the best indication that the morphine has been effective?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: The client rates pain as 3 on a scale from 0 to 10. This is the best indication that the morphine has been effective because pain relief is the primary goal of administering morphine. A pain rating of 3 indicates a decrease in pain intensity, showing that the medication is working.
A: The client's vital signs being within normal limits does not directly indicate the effectiveness of pain management.
B: The client not requesting additional medication could be due to various reasons other than effective pain relief.
C: The client resting comfortably with eyes closed may suggest relaxation but does not necessarily reflect pain relief.
In summary, the other choices do not directly measure pain relief, unlike the client's self-reported pain rating.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer medication to a client who has gout. The nurse discovers that an error was made during the previous shift and the client received atenolol instead of allopurinol. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct action for the nurse to take first is to obtain the client's blood pressure (
Choice
A). This is important because atenolol is a beta-blocker used for high blood pressure, and if the client received it in error, their blood pressure may be affected. Monitoring the blood pressure can help assess the client's current condition and any potential adverse effects from the medication error. Contacting the client's provider (
Choice
B) should be done after assessing the client's condition. Informing the charge nurse (
Choice
C) and completing an incident report (
Choice
D) are important steps but should follow the immediate assessment of the client's condition.
Question 3 of 5
Which of the following actions is the priority for the nurse to take after inadvertently administering 160 mg of valsartan PO to a client who was scheduled to receive 80 mg?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Evaluate the client for orthostatic hypotension. After administering double the prescribed dose of valsartan, the nurse's priority is to assess the client for potential adverse effects, such as a sudden drop in blood pressure leading to orthostatic hypotension. This is crucial for immediate intervention to prevent complications.
B: Monitoring urine output is important but not the priority after an overdose.
C: Obtaining laboratory results may be necessary later but is not the immediate action needed.
D: Checking for nasal congestion is unrelated to the overdose of valsartan.
In summary, choice A is correct as it addresses the immediate concern of potential adverse effects, while the other choices are not the priority given the situation.
Question 4 of 5
Which of the following medications should the nurse plan to administer to a client with myasthenia gravis who is in a cholinergic crisis?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale:
Rationale: In a cholinergic crisis, the client experiences excessive muscarinic effects due to overstimulation of the parasympathetic nervous system. Atropine is a cholinergic antagonist that blocks the effects of excessive acetylcholine, alleviating symptoms such as bradycardia, bronchoconstriction, and excessive secretions. Potassium iodide, glucagon, and protamine are not indicated for managing cholinergic crisis. Potassium iodide is used in thyroid emergencies, glucagon for beta-blocker overdose, and protamine for heparin overdose.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is teaching a client about the prescribed medication. Which of the following statements should the nurse include when teaching the client about the prescribed medication? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: A, B, E,F
Rationale: The correct statements to include when teaching the client about the prescribed medication are A, B, E, and F.
A: The medication can cause nausea - It is important for the client to be aware of potential side effects like nausea so they can be prepared and report any concerns to their healthcare provider.
B: So take with a meal - Taking the medication with a meal can help reduce the risk of stomach upset or other gastrointestinal side effects.
E: Consumption of a high-protein meal can reduce the effectiveness of the medication - This is important information for the client to ensure they are taking the medication as prescribed for optimal effectiveness.
F: You may initially notice an increase in involuntary movements - This alerts the client to a possible side effect they may experience and should report to their healthcare provider.
The other choices are incorrect because they do not provide essential information about the medication or its potential side effects. C, D, and G are not necessary for the client to know in relation to the prescribed medication.