ATI RN
ATI RN Pediatrics 2023 Questions
Extract:
Child 2 hr postoperative following a cardiac catheterization with dressing saturated with blood
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is assessing a child who is 2 hr postoperative following a cardiac catheterization and finds the dressing is saturated with blood. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Apply pressure just above the insertion site. This is the first step because it helps control the bleeding and prevent further blood loss. By applying pressure, the nurse can help stabilize the child's condition before taking further actions.
B: Monitoring the pulse distal to the insertion site is important but not the first priority. Controlling the bleeding should come first.
C: Obtaining vital signs is important, but addressing the bleeding takes precedence to ensure the child's safety.
D: Reinforcing the dressing can be done after applying pressure to control the bleeding.
In summary, applying pressure above the insertion site is the immediate priority to address the saturated dressing and control bleeding.
Extract:
6-month-old infant
Question 2 of 5
A nurse in a pediatric clinic is assessing a 6-month-old infant. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as an indication of a visual impairment?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because at 6 months, infants should be able to fixate and follow an object. Failure to do so may indicate a visual impairment. Reacting to bright light (
A) is a normal response. A symmetrical corneal light reflex (
B) is a normal finding. The presence of a red reflex (
D) is also normal.
Extract:
6-month-old infant with gastroenteritis
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a 6-month-old infant who has gastroenteritis. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as a manifestation of severe dehydration?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Sunken anterior fontanel. Severe dehydration in infants can lead to a sunken anterior fontanel due to decreased fluid volume in the body. The fontanel is a soft spot on the baby's head where the skull bones haven't yet fused, and its sunken appearance indicates significant fluid loss. Other options (
A) Weight loss of 5%, (
C) Produces tears when crying, and (
D) Capillary refill time 3 seconds are important assessments in dehydration but are not specific to severe dehydration. Weight loss can occur in mild to moderate dehydration, tear production is not a reliable indicator of dehydration severity, and a capillary refill time of 3 seconds is within the normal range.
Therefore, the sunken anterior fontanel is the most indicative of severe dehydration in this scenario.
Extract:
Child with varicella
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is planning care for a child who has varicella. Which of the following interventions should the nurse plan to include?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Initiate airborne precautions. Varicella, also known as chickenpox, is highly contagious and spreads through the air by respiratory droplets. Initiating airborne precautions, such as wearing a mask and isolating the child in a negative pressure room, helps prevent the spread of the virus to others. Administering aspirin for fever (choice
A) is contraindicated in varicella due to the risk of Reye's syndrome. Providing a warm blanket (choice
B) is not a priority intervention for varicella. Assessing the oral cavity for Koplik spots (choice
D) is associated with measles, not varicella.
Extract:
5-year-old child up-to-date with current immunization schedule
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer immunizations to a 5-year-old child who is up-to-date with the current immunization schedule. Which of the following immunizations should the nurse plan to administer?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Varicella. The child is up-to-date with the current immunization schedule, which includes the varicella vaccine at around 12-15 months of age. Varicella vaccine provides protection against chickenpox, a highly contagious viral infection. Administering the varicella vaccine to the 5-year-old child will ensure continued immunity and prevent the child from contracting chickenpox.
Choice A (Hepatitis
B) is usually given at birth and in subsequent doses, not typically at 5 years old.
Choice B (Haemophilus influenzae type b) is usually given in infancy and not at 5 years old.
Choice D (Rotavirus) is given to infants and not usually administered at 5 years old.
Therefore, the correct choice for the nurse to administer is the Varicella vaccine.