ATI RN
ATI Nur235 Pediatrics Final Exam Questions
Extract:
7-year-old diagnosed with acute pyelonephritis.
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is assessing a 7-year-old who has been diagnosed with acute pyelonephritis, what assessment finding requires immediate action by the nurse?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. A blood pressure of 136/92 in a 7-year-old with acute pyelonephritis requires immediate action as it indicates hypertension, which can lead to further kidney damage. High blood pressure in children is concerning and must be addressed promptly to prevent complications.
Choices B, C, and D are important assessment findings in pyelonephritis but do not require immediate action.
Choice B (heart rate of 100 bpm) may be elevated due to fever or infection.
Choice C (decreased urine output) and choice D (tea-colored urine) are common symptoms of pyelonephritis but do not signal an urgent need for intervention compared to hypertension.
Extract:
School-age child with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA).
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is providing discharge instructions to a parent and their school-age child who has juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). What should the nurse include in the discharge instructions to the family?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
Correct
Answer: A
Rationale:
1. NSAIDs are commonly used to manage pain and inflammation in JIA.
2. Monitoring effectiveness is crucial to adjust treatment if needed.
3. Notify healthcare provider ensures proper management of the condition.
4. Promotes active involvement in the child's care and well-being.
Summary:
B: Applying cool compresses may provide temporary relief, but not a long-term solution for JIA.
C: Napping is beneficial, but not a specific requirement for managing JIA.
D: Running can be too strenuous for affected joints, contrary to recommended exercises for JIA.
Extract:
Pediatric client with hemophilia.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse analyzes the laboratory results of a pediatric client with hemophilia. The nurse understands which result will most likely be abnormal in this client?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Partial thromboplastin time (PTT). In hemophilia, there is a deficiency in clotting factors, leading to prolonged PTT. Hemoglobin level (
B), platelet count (
C), and hematocrit level (
D) are typically normal in hemophilia as they are more related to red blood cells and platelets, not clotting factors. PTT specifically assesses the intrinsic pathway of coagulation, which is affected in hemophilia. This abnormality is not reflected in the other choices.
Extract:
First-time parent with a well-newborn pending discharge.
Question 4 of 5
A first-time parent is pending discharge from the hospital with a well-newborn. What information should the nurse include in the discharge teaching to the parents?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
Correct
Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because it is important for the nurse to educate the parents that their newborn will not need additional immunizations until the 1 or 2 month check-ups. Newborns typically receive their first set of immunizations at these appointments to protect them from various diseases. This information is crucial for parents to ensure the health and well-being of their newborn.
Summary of Incorrect
Choices:
A: Expect to wake your baby for all feedings - This is incorrect as newborns should be fed on demand rather than being woken up for feedings.
C: Your baby should gain full head control by 1 month - This is incorrect as newborns develop head control over a period of time, and it may vary from one baby to another.
D: Expect your baby to triple their birth weight by 4-6 months - This is incorrect as the rate of weight gain can vary among babies and may not always follow a specific timeline.
Extract:
13-year-old 2 days post-operative from laparoscopic appendectomy, 37.1°C, pain 3/10, diminished breath sounds in lower lobes.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is caring for a 13-year-old who is 2 days post-operative from a laparoscopic appendectomy. Upon assessment, the nurse notes the following vital signs: 37,1°C (98.8°F), a pain rating of 3 out of 10, and breath sounds are diminished in the lower lobes. What action should the nurse take first?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct action is to encourage the use of an incentive spirometer (
Choice
D). This is the first priority as the diminished breath sounds in the lower lobes indicate possible atelectasis, a common post-operative complication. Using an incentive spirometer helps prevent atelectasis by promoting deep breathing and lung expansion, improving oxygenation. This intervention is crucial in preventing respiratory complications in the post-operative period. Maintaining prone positioning (
Choice
A) is not appropriate in this scenario as it does not address the respiratory issue. Requesting a white blood cell count (
Choice
B) is not the priority unless there are signs of infection. Administering acetaminophen (
Choice
C) for pain relief is important but not the first priority.