ATI RN
ATI RN Pediatrics 2023 Questions
Extract:
7-year-old child with diabetes mellitus
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is assessing a 7-year-old child who has diabetes mellitus. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as a manifestation of hypoglycemia?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Shakiness. Hypoglycemia occurs when blood sugar levels drop too low in individuals with diabetes mellitus. Shakiness is a common symptom due to the body's response to low glucose levels, triggering an increase in adrenaline. Decreased appetite and thirst are more indicative of hyperglycemia, where blood sugar levels are high. Increased capillary refill is not a typical manifestation of hypoglycemia but may indicate poor circulation or dehydration.
Extract:
8-year-old child recently diagnosed with chronic renal failure
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for an 8-year-old child who was recently diagnosed with chronic renal failure. Which of the following statements should the nurse make?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Hemodialysis uses an artificial membrane outside the body to clean your child's blood. In hemodialysis, blood is circulated outside the body through a dialyzer with a semipermeable membrane that acts as an artificial kidney to remove waste products. This process mimics the filtration function of the kidneys. Option A is incorrect because hemodialysis does not use an electrolyte solution to clean the blood. Option C is incorrect as hemodialysis does not use the abdominal cavity as a membrane. Option D is incorrect as hemodialysis is not a continuous filtration process.
Extract:
School-age child who weighs 55 lb
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is planning to administer diphenhydramine 1.25 mg/kg IV to a school-age child who weighs 55 lb. Available is diphenhydramine 50 mg/mL. How many mL should the nurse administer?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
To calculate the dose of diphenhydramine for the child, first convert the weight from pounds to kg: 55 lb ÷ 2.2 = 25 kg.
Then calculate the dose: 1.25 mg/kg x 25 kg = 31.25 mg. Next, determine how many mL are needed: 31.25 mg ÷ 50 mg/mL = 0.625 mL. Since we need to round to the nearest tenth, the correct answer is 0.6 mL (choice
B). Other choices are incorrect due to incorrect calculations or rounding errors.
Choice A is too low, C is too high, and D is also too high.
Extract:
Question 4 of 5
A nurse in a pediatric clinic is planning care for four children. The nurse should anticipate a provider's prescription for an auditory evaluation for which of the following children?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. A 3-month-old infant discharged after bacterial meningitis is at risk for hearing loss due to potential damage to the auditory nerve or inner ear structures. Early detection is crucial for intervention.
Choice A is incorrect because stuttering is not a direct indication for an auditory evaluation.
Choice C is incorrect as erythromycin does not typically affect hearing.
Choice D is incorrect as loose stools and babbling are not indicative of needing an auditory evaluation at this age.
Extract:
Child for a lumbar puncture
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is preparing a child for a lumbar puncture. In which of the following positions should the child be placed for the procedure?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Lateral. Placing the child in a lateral position helps to widen the spaces between the vertebrae, making it easier to access the lumbar region. This position also reduces the risk of nerve damage during the procedure. Placing the child prone (
A) or supine (
D) would not provide the optimal access to the lumbar region. Semi-Fowler's position (
C) is not ideal as it does not provide the necessary alignment of the spine for a lumbar puncture.