ATI RN
ATI RN Pediatrics 2023 Questions
Extract:
4-month-old infant during a well-baby visit
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is assessing a 4-month-old infant during a well-baby visit. For which of the following findings should the nurse notify the provider?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Doll's eye reflex intact. This reflex is typically present in infants up to 3 months old and disappears by 4 months. The persistence of this reflex beyond 4 months may indicate a neurological concern. A positive Babinski reflex (
C) is normal in infants, no head lag when pulled to a sitting position (
B) is expected by 4 months, and the presence of tears when crying (
D) is a normal developmental milestone.
Extract:
Child acting aggressively toward staff
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is applying soft limb restraints to a child who is acting aggressively toward staff. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Secure the restraints with a quick-release knot. This is important for safety reasons as quick-release knots allow for rapid removal in case of an emergency or if the child needs immediate assistance. Using a quick-release knot ensures that the restraints can be easily and quickly undone without causing harm to the child. This is crucial in situations where quick intervention may be necessary.
Explanation for other choices:
B: Assess the child every 4 hr while in restraints - While assessment is important, every 4 hours may not be frequent enough for a child in restraints.
C: Request that the provider renew the prescription for restraints every 48 hr - While renewing prescriptions is necessary, this choice does not address the immediate safety concerns related to securing the restraints.
D: Tie the restraints to the side rails of the child's bed - Tying restraints to side rails can be dangerous as it restricts movement and can lead to injury or entrapment.
Extract:
4-year-old child receiving treatment for acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is reviewing the complete blood count results for a 4-year-old child who is receiving treatment for acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Which of the following findings should indicate to the nurse that the treatment is having a therapeutic effect?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: RBC count 5/mm3 (4 to 5.5/mm3). In acute lymphoblastic leukemia, the bone marrow is infiltrated with malignant lymphoblasts, leading to decreased production of normal blood cells. A decrease in RBC count indicates response to treatment as it suggests a reduction in the number of abnormal cells crowding the bone marrow. The other choices are incorrect because they do not directly reflect the therapeutic effect of treatment in leukemia.
Choice A indicates low hemoglobin due to decreased RBC production.
Choice B indicates elevated WBC count due to leukemia cells.
Choice D indicates low platelet count, which is common in leukemia but not a direct indicator of therapeutic effect.
Extract:
5-year-old child with acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a 5-year-old child who has acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis. Which of the following findings should indicate to the nurse that treatment has been effective?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Clear urine. In acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis, the kidneys are inflamed and may exhibit hematuria, proteinuria, and decreased urine output, leading to dark, cloudy urine.
Therefore, clear urine indicates improved kidney function and resolution of inflammation.
Choice A (Odorless urine) is not specific to kidney function.
Choice B (Temperature 37.2°
C) is within normal range and not directly related to kidney function.
Choice D (No report of pain with voiding) is more related to urinary tract infection, not glomerulonephritis.
Extract:
2-year-old child
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is providing teaching to the guardian of a 2-year-old child about typical toddler behavior. Which of the following behaviors should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Frequent negative responses.
Toddlers often exhibit frequent negative responses as they are exploring boundaries and asserting independence. This behavior is a common part of toddler development as they learn to express their emotions and preferences. Increased dependency (
A) is not typically seen in toddlers, as they are striving for autonomy. Less emotionally labile (
B) suggests stability in emotions, which is not characteristic of toddler behavior.
Toddlers thrive on routines, so they are not usually resistant to routines (
C).